Hepatoprotective activity of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng adventitious roots against carbon tetrachloride treated hepatic injury in rats

Murthy, Hosakatte Niranjana; Dandin, Vijayalaxmi S.; Paek, Kee Yoeup

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.047

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Several lines of evidence support that the treatment of CRG mitigates NAFLD. First, the hepatoprotective and fat accumulation inhibitory effects of ginsenosides are well known in various liver disease models [49][50][51]. Second, CRG and ginsenosides show anti-inflammatory responses [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enriched in Rd and Rg3 Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulation of mTORC1

et al. 2019

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The fermentation of Korean red ginseng (RG) increases the bioavailability and efficacy of RG, which has a protective role in various diseases. However, the ginsenoside-specific molecular mechanism of the fermented RG with Cordyceps militaris (CRG) has not been elucidated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A mouse model of NAFLD was induced by a fast-food diet (FFD) and treated with CRG (100 or 300 mg/kg) for the last 8 weeks. CRG-mediated signaling was assessed in the liver cells isolated from mice. CRG administration significantly reduced the FFD-induced steatosis, liver injury, and inflammation, indicating that CRG confers protective effects against NAFLD. Of note, an extract of CRG contains a significantly increased amount of ginsenosides (Rd and Rg3) after bioconversion compared with that of conventional RG. Moreover, in vitro treatment with Rd or Rg3 produced anti-steatotic effects in primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, CRG protected palmitate-induced activation of mTORC1 and subsequent inhibition of mitophagy and PPARα signaling. Similar to that noted in hepatocytes, CRG exerted anti-inflammatory activity through mTORC1 inhibition-mediated M2 polarization. In conclusion, CRG inhibits lipid-mediated pathologic activation of mTORC1 in hepatocytes and macrophages, which in turn prevents NAFLD development. Thus, the administration of CRG may be an alternative for the prevention of NAFLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enriched in Rd and Rg3 Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulation of mTORC1

et al. 2019

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“…Previous study has illustrated that treatment of hesperetin reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-β secretions in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells (Ren et al, 2016). CCl4-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice is widely used as an experimental animal model for screening hepato-protective drugs (Niranjana Murthy et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014), whereas, the potential molecular mechanism of hesperetin suppressing inflammatory response in mice with CCl4-induced ALI still unrevealed. More importantly, hesperetin has a lower bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract and conjugated during absorption (Fisher, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesperetin derivative-14 alleviates inflammation by activating PPAR-γ in mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury and LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells

Chen

Ding

et al. 2017

Toxicology Letters

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Hesperetin is a flavanone glycoside compound naturally occurring in the fruit peel of Citrusaurantium L. (Rutaceae). Previous studies revealed that hesperetin possesses various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant and neuroprotective properties. Hesperetin derivative-14 (HD-14) is a derivative of hesperetin improved in water solubility and bioavailability. In this study, we indicated that HD-14 (2μM) significantly attenuated inflammation in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells, besides, HD-14 (100mg/kg) exhibited hepato-protective effects and anti-inflammatory effects on C57BL/6J mice with CCl-induced acute liver injury. In addition, it was demonstrated that HD-14 dramatically up-regulated the expression of PPAR-γ in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, over-expression of PPAR-γ had anti-inflammatory effects on the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, whereas, knockdown of PPAR-γ with small interfering RNA had pro-inflammatory effects in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Thus, our findings demonstrated that HD-14 alleviated inflammation by activating PPAR-γ expression at least in part. Further studies founded that HD-14 remarkably inhibited the expression of p-JAK1 and p-STAT1 through up-regulating PPAR-γ. Together, these results suggested that HD-14 served as an activator of PPAR-γ and the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway may be involved in the progress of inflammation. Collectively, HD-14 may be utilized as a potential anti-inflammation monomeric compound in the treatment of acute liver injury.

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“…We found that the decreases in ALT and γ-GT levels were more significant in patients with a BMI of 25 kg/m 2 or more in the KRG group than among overweight patients in the placebo group. Previous research has shown that P. ginseng improves insulin resistance and decreases ALT levels in rats with liver fibrosis [23], [24]. Other studies have demonstrated that KRG extract decreases γ-GT levels in rats with alcohol-induced liver damage [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory and antifatigue effect of Korean Red Ginseng in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Hong

Lee

Kim

et al. 2016

Journal of Ginseng Research

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BackgroundKorean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a well-known natural product with anticarcinogenic and antioxidant effects. We evaluated the antifatigue effect of KRG in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsEighty patients with NAFLD were prospectively randomized to receive 3 wk of KRG or placebo in addition to counseling on healthy eating and regular exercise. Liver function test, proinflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, antioxidant activity, and fatigue score were measured and compared according to the body mass index between the KRG and placebo groups.ResultsThe liver function tests were significantly improved after 3 wk of treatment in both groups. The mean levels (at baseline and after treatment) of tumor necrosis factor-α were 108.0 pg/mL ± 54.8 pg/mL and 92.7 pg/mL ± 39.0 pg/mL (p = 0.018) in the KRG group and 123.1 pg/mL ± 42.1 pg/mL and 127.5 pg/mL ± 62.2 pg/mL (p = 0.694) in the placebo group, respectively. There was a significant difference in change of adiponectin levels between the KRG (7,751.2 pg/mL ± 3,108.1 pg/mL and 8,197.3 pg/mL ± 2,714.5 pg/mL) and placebo groups (7,711.6 pg/mL ± 3,041.3 pg/mL and 7,286.1 pg/mL ± 5,188.7 pg/mL, p = 0.027). In patients with overweight, the fatigue score was significantly decreased in the KRG group (35.0 ± 13.2 and 24.5 ± 8.9, p = 0.019).ConclusionOur results show that KRG might be effective in reducing proinflammatory cytokine and fatigue in overweight patients with NAFLD, in addition to improvements in adiponectin levels.

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Hepatoprotective activity of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng adventitious roots against carbon tetrachloride treated hepatic injury in rats

Cited by 40 publications

References 26 publications

Fermented Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enriched in Rd and Rg3 Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulation of mTORC1

Fermented Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enriched in Rd and Rg3 Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulation of mTORC1

Hesperetin derivative-14 alleviates inflammation by activating PPAR-γ in mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury and LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells

Anti-inflammatory and antifatigue effect of Korean Red Ginseng in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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