Hepatoma Associated with Hypoglycemia, Polycythemia, and Hypercalcemia

Manifestations of hypercholesterolaemia, hypoglycaemia, erythrocytosis and hypercalcaemia in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Report of two cases

“…Manifestation of two or three paraneoplastic syndromes has been previously reported in HCC patients. 7,8 To our knowledge, these cases are the first reports of manifestation of four paraneoplastic syndromes in a single HCC patient. Both patients manifested erythrocytosis initially at the diagnosis of HCC, which declined to within the normal range after optimal therapy.…”

“… 6 Case reports of the combination of two or three paraneoplastic manifestations in HCC patients have been previously recorded. 7,8 However, HCC patients who presented with four paraneoplastic syndromes have not been reported in the past. Herein, we present two HCC patients who manifested with four paraneoplastic syndromes in their clinical course.…”

Hepatic Tumors and Paraneoplastic Syndromes

“…Bronchial carcinomas and hy pernephromas are responsible in 60% of the cases. Since the first description by Becker [3] in 1963, only 27 cases of pseudohyperparathyroidism with primitive liver can cer have been described. Hepatocellular carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas are equally reported.…”

A Case of Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy Secondary to Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Fulminant Clinical Course

“…3 Approximately 40 case reports regarding the association of hypercalcemia and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been published since the first 1963 report. 4 The presence of paraneoplastic syndromes (clinical syndromes that are the consequence of malignant disease) such as hypercholesterolemia, hypoglycemia, and hypercalcemia in HCC are known to be a poor prognostic factors. 5 In addition, many of the case reports have shown that definitive therapy for HCC could control hypercalcemia.…”