Hepatocellular carcinoma: Prospects for natural killer cell immunotherapy

Kumar, Naveenta; Khakoo, Salim I.

doi:10.1111/tan.13275

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(220 reference statements)

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“…Activated DCs and anti‐TAA antibody further enhance natural killer (NK) function in HCC immunotherapy. ( 49,50 ) Second, the immunosuppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment, represented by programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) and others, are neutralized. Third, the tumor cells express relevant targets recognized by the effectors and are sensitive to immune cell–mediated killing.…”

Section: Potential Pitfalls Of Taa‐based Hcc Immunotherapy Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Tumor‐Associated Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Immunotherapy: Past Pitfalls and Future Strategies

Jiang²,

Zhan

et al. 2021

Hepatology

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Section: Potential Pitfalls Of Taa‐based Hcc Immunotherapy Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Tumor‐Associated Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Immunotherapy: Past Pitfalls and Future Strategies

Jiang²,

Zhan

et al. 2021

Hepatology

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“…KIRs are known to inhibit NK cell activation by interacting with diverse MHC class I molecules [ 85 ]. The KIR genes, as well as their cognate HLA genes, illustrate extensive polymorphism and produce varied NK cell responses to cancer cells.…”

Section: Nk Cell Dysfunction In Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications

Sung

Jang

2018

IJMS

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently the third leading cause of malignancy-related mortalities worldwide. Natural killer (NK) cells are involved in the critical role of first line immunological defense against cancer development. Defects in NK cell functions are recognized as important mechanisms for immune evasion of tumor cells. NK cell function appears to be attenuated in HCC, and many previous reports suggested that NK cells play a critical role in controlling HCC, suggesting that boosting the activity of dysfunctional NK cells can enhance tumor cell killing. However, the detailed mechanisms of NK cell dysfunction in tumor microenvironment of HCC remain largely unknown. A better understanding of the mechanisms of NK cell dysfunction in HCC will help in the NK cell-mediated eradication of cancer cells and prolong patient survival. In this review, we describe the various mechanisms underlying human NK cell dysfunction in HCC. Further, we summarize current advances in the approaches to enhance endogenous NK cell function and in adoptive NK cell therapies, to cure this difficult-to-treat cancer.

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“…Residing in the space of Dissé between the parenchymal cells and LSECs are hepatic stellate cells which contribute an immune sentinel role in this nuanced interplay[24]. Further to the LSECs is an abundance of resident liver lymphocytes, including NK and innate T cells, which serve a number of roles including innate immune response against viruses, intracellular bacteria, tumours and parasites[25,26]. There is thus a rich effector population which needs to be responsive to pathogens, but also immuno-regulatory when exposed to the non-pathogenic antigens that flood the liver via the portal vein.…”

Section: Liver Immunobiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current and future

Johnston¹,

Khakoo²

2019

WJG

152

146

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises on the background of chronic liver disease. Despite the development of effective anti-viral therapeutics HCC is continuing to rise, in part driven by the epidemic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Many patients present with advanced disease out with the criteria for transplant, resection or even locoregional therapy. Currently available therapeutics for HCC are effective in a small minority of individuals. However, there has been a major global interest in immunotherapies for cancer and although HCC has lagged behind other cancers, great opportunities now exist for treating HCC with newer and more sophisticated agents. Whilst checkpoint inhibitors are at the forefront of this revolution, other therapeutics such as inhibitory cytokine blockade, oncolytic viruses, adoptive cellular therapies and vaccines are emerging. Broadly these may be categorized as either boosting existing immune response or stimulating de novo immune response. Although some of these agents have shown promising results as monotherapy in early phase trials it may well be that their future role will be as combination therapy, either in combination with one another or in combination with treatment modalities such as locoregional therapy. Together these agents are likely to generate new and exciting opportunities for treating HCC, which are summarized in this review.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma: Prospects for natural killer cell immunotherapy

Cited by 11 publications

References 120 publications

Targeting Tumor‐Associated Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Immunotherapy: Past Pitfalls and Future Strategies

Targeting Tumor‐Associated Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Immunotherapy: Past Pitfalls and Future Strategies

Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications

Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current and future

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