Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italian Patients with Cirrhosis

Colombo, Massimo; R, de Franchis; E, Del Ninno; Sangiovanni, A.; C, De Fazio; Tommasini, M.; Donato, M. Teresa; Piva, Adrián; Carlo, Di; Dioguardi, N

doi:10.1056/nejm199109053251002

Cited by 747 publications

(412 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A positive association of cirrhosis of the liver in 80-90% of patients with HCC has been demonstrated in reports from Northern regions. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Oka et al 1990 18 found the yearly incidence rate of HCC in cirrhotics varies from 3% in the West 19 to as high as 11% in Japan. Tsukuma et al1990 8 in a prospective study from Japan reported liver cirrhosis and viral hepatitis as risk factors for HCC, each carrying a 3-year cumulative risk of 12.5 and 3.8%, respectively.…”

Section: What Are the Risk Factors For Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tsukuma et al1990 8 in a prospective study from Japan reported liver cirrhosis and viral hepatitis as risk factors for HCC, each carrying a 3-year cumulative risk of 12.5 and 3.8%, respectively. Colombo et al 1991 19 described that the development of HCC during the course of cirrhosis is not necessarily related to endstage liver disease. Cirrhotic liver contains various kinds of hepatocellular nodules and these nodules were known to cause HCC.…”

Section: What Are the Risk Factors For Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Kar

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important cause of death all over the world, more so in Asia and Africa. The representative data on epidemiology of HCC in India is very scanty and cancer is not a reportable disease in India and the cancer registries in India are mostly urban. 45 million people who are suffering from chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and approximately 15 million people who are afflicted with chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in India. HBV and HCV infection is considered an important etiologic factor in HCC. Positive association between HCC and consumption of alcohol where alcohol contribute as a cofactor for hepatotoxins and hepatitis viruses. Aflatoxin contamination in the diets, Hepatitis B virus infection and liver cirrhosis in Andhra Pradesh, India and direct chronic exposure to aflatoxins was shown to cause liver cirrhosis. Cirrhosis of liver of any cause lead to develop about 70%-90% of HCC. Aflatoxin interact synergistically with Hepatitis B virus (HBV)/Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which increase the risk of HCC. HBV infection, HBV infection with Aflatoxin exposure, viral infection and alcohol consumption leading to overt cirrhosis of the liver, alcohol consumption leading to cirrhosis of the liver with viral infection are the predominant risk factor for the development of HCC. HCV and alcohol are also associated with HCC in India. Indians develop diabetes at younger age, Asians have strong genetic susceptibility for type II diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is identified as a risk factor for HCC. Prevention of viral infection by universal vaccination against hepatitis virus, HCC surveillance program, preventing alcoholic liver diseases, fungal contamination of grains and ground crops to prevent basically Aflatoxin exposure are important measures to prevent liver diseases and HCC among those at risk. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2014;4:S34-S42)

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Section: What Are the Risk Factors For Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Are the Risk Factors For Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Kar

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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“…Chronic hepatitis develops in 33-84% of patients with acute hepatitis C. [1][2][3][4] Once, chronicity has established, about one-third of patients develop liver cirrhosis within 15-25 years 5,6 with an annual risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in 1-4% in cirrhotic livers. [7][8][9] Several factors such as alcohol abuse, coinfection with HBV or HIV, gender or age at infection determine the highly variable course of liver disease in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. 5,[10][11][12] Besides, the hepatocellular injury in patients with CHC results from the host's immunemediated responses to viral infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-allelic presence of the interleukin-10 receptor 1 G330R allele is associated with cirrhosis in chronic HCV-1 infection

et al. 2005

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Immune response to viral infection is an important determinant of liver injury in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Experimental and clinical data suggest a protective role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in hepatic fibrogenesis. The significance of two SNPs of the interleukin-10 receptor 1 (IL-10R1), S138G (SNP3) and G330R (SNP4) was investigated on (i) susceptibility to CHC, (ii) progression of hepatic fibrosis and (iii) response to interferon/ribavirin therapy. DNA and liver biopsies were obtained from 212 patients with HCV (hepatitis C virus)-genotype-1 infection. The allele frequencies were 0.17 for SNP3 and 0.33 for SNP4, both of which were indifferent from healthy controls (0.17 and 0.32, respectively). Stage 1 liver fibrosis was found in 22 cases (10.4%), stage 2 in 108 (50.9%), stage 3 in 27 (12.8%), and stage 4 (cirrhosis) in 55 (25.9%). An association was found between the SNP4 allele and the presence of cirrhosis (P ¼ 0.01). Homozygous SNP4 individual variants segregated within the cirrhosis group (P ¼ 0.03). We found neither an association with SNP3 nor with the necroinflammatory disease activity (as measured by ALT levels) nor with the response to antiviral therapy. Our work implies that IL-10R1 SNP4 is a recessively inherited risk factor for hepatic cirrhosis in HCV genotype-1 infection.

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“…However, symptoms seldom develop in patients with these small tumours with the result that relatively few patients are suitable for such treatment options. There is, therefore, considerable interest in presymptomatic detection by surveillance of high-risk groups (Liaw et al, 1986;Colombo et al, 1991;Chalasani et al, 1999;McMahon et al, 2000;Mok et al, 2005). Although there is no conclusive evidence (in terms of reduction of disease-specific mortality) that surveillance is effective, it is nonetheless widely practiced (Chalasani et al, 1999) and there is no doubt that such programmes do result in the detection of small tumours (Chalasani et al, 1999;Mok et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Preclinical and post-treatment changes in the HCC-associated serum proteome

et al. 2006

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SELDI-based proteomic profiling of body fluids is currently in widespread use for cancer biomarker discovery. We have successfully used this technology for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C patients and now report its application to serial serum samples from 37 hepatitis C patients before development of HCC, with HCC and following radiofrequency ablation of the tumour. As with alpha-fetoprotein, an accepted biomarker for HCC, we hypothesised that HCC-associated proteomic features would 'return to normal' following successful treatment and the primary aim of our study was to test this hypothesis. Several SELDI peaks that changed significantly during HCC development were detected but they did not reverse following treatment. These data may be interpreted to suggest that the characteristic SELDI profile is not linearly related to tumour burden but may result from the progression of underlying liver disease or from the emergence of precancerous lesions. b2-Microglobulin, a protein previously reported to be markedly elevated in patients with HCV related HCC, was also the most significantly HCC associated proteomic feature (m/z 11720) in this study.

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italian Patients with Cirrhosis

Abstract: In the West, as in Asia, patients with cirrhosis of the liver are at substantial risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, with a yearly incidence rate of 3 percent. Our screening program did not appreciably increase the rate of detection of potentially curable tumors.

Cited by 747 publications

References 21 publications

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Bi-allelic presence of the interleukin-10 receptor 1 G330R allele is associated with cirrhosis in chronic HCV-1 infection

Preclinical and post-treatment changes in the HCC-associated serum proteome

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