Hepatobiliary Schistosomiasis

Shaker, Yehia; Samy, Nervana; Ashour, Esmat

doi:10.14218/jcth.2014.00018

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Liver fibrosis caused by S . mansoni is one of the most serious pathological changes that can induce loss of liver function and liver cancer [ 26 ]. Owing to the early, aggregate, and massive egg-laying characteristics of S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract ameliorates schistosomiasis liver granuloma, fibrosis, and oxidative stress through downregulation of fibrinogenic signaling in mice

et al. 2018

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Schistosomiasis is a widespread parasitic infection that affects humans, as well as wild and domestic animals. It ranks second after malaria, with a significant health and socio-economic impact in the developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the anti-schistosomal impact of Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract (ZLE) on Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis in CD-1 Swiss male albino mice. S. mansoni infection was achieved by dipping of mouse tails in schistosomal cercariae. ZLE treatment was initiated at 46 days post-infection by administering a dose of the extract on a daily basis for 10 consecutive days. S. mansoni infection resulted in liver granuloma and fibrosis, with a drastic elevation in liver function factors, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation, which were associated with a reduction in glutathione content and substantial inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities compared to those of the control. Induction of hepatic granuloma, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in the liver was controlled by ZLE administration, which also produced inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9, alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expressions. In addition, the S. mansoni-infected group exhibited an increase in Bax and caspase-3 levels and a decrease in Bcl-2 level. However, treatment with ZLE mainly mitigated apoptosis in the liver. Thus, the findings of this study revealed that Ziziphus spina-christi had anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and protective effects on S. mansoni-induced liver wounds. The benefits of Ziziphus spina-christi extract on S. mansoni were partly partially mediated by enhancing anti-fibrinogenic and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract ameliorates schistosomiasis liver granuloma, fibrosis, and oxidative stress through downregulation of fibrinogenic signaling in mice

et al. 2018

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“…During the chronic stage of schistosomiasis japonica, granulomas develop around the eggs trapped in the liver, and these induce the excessive repair of tissue, leading to hepatic fibrosis (40). In line with pathogenic hepatic fibrosis, the spleen enlarges abnormally due to schistosome infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Praziquantel Targets M1 Macrophages and Ameliorates Splenomegaly in Chronic Schistosomiasis

Kong

Zhou

Guo

et al. 2018

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Splenomegaly is a common feature of many infectious diseases, including schistosomiasis japonica. However, the immunopathogenesis and the treatment of splenomegaly due to schistosomiasis have been largely neglected. Praziquantel (PZQ), a classical schistosomicide, has been demonstrated by us and others to have antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory activities against schistosomiasis. In this study, we investigated the effect of PZQ on alleviating the splenomegaly caused by infection in mice. The results showed that the number of macrophages, especially the number of M1 macrophages, was significantly increased in the enlarged spleens of infected mice ( < 0.001). After PZQ treatment for 4 weeks, the number of splenic macrophages, especially the number of M1 macrophages, was significantly reduced ( < 0.001) by the way of apoptosis, and another schistosomicide, mefloquine, had no effect either on the splenomegaly or on reducing the number of macrophages. Furthermore, by using the murine macrophage line RAW 264.7, we found that PZQ could inhibit the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and attenuate phagocytic activity in M1 macrophages. Thus, our studies suggest that PZQ plays a powerful role in ameliorating the splenomegaly caused by infection, which presents a new strategy for the therapy of splenomegaly resulting from other pathological conditions.

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“…Schistosomiasis is an ancient parasitic disease that imposes a considerable economic and health burden, disabling more than it kills. As of 2014, over 207 million people were infected with schistosoma, and approximately 700 million people were at risk of infection (Shaker et al, 2014 ). Schistosomiasis is endemic in China, and China is one of the primary epidemic areas of Schistosoma japonicum (Colley et al, 2014 ; Song and Wu, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corilagin Counteracts IL-13Rα1 Signaling Pathway in Macrophages to Mitigate Schistosome Egg-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis

Chen

Dang

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway and M2 macrophages play crucial roles in schistosome egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of action of corilagin on schistosome egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via the IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway in M2 macrophages in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA and protein expression of IL-13Rα1, PPARγ, KLF4, SOCS1, STAT6, p-STAT6, and TGF-β was measured in vitro with corilagin treatment after IL-13 stimulation and in vivo corilagin treatment after effectively killing the adult schistosomes in schistosome-infected mice. Histological analysis of liver tissue was assessed for the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The results revealed that corilagin significantly reduced the expression of PPARγ, KLF4, SOCS1, p-STAT6, and TGF-β compared with model group and praziquantel administration (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) in vivo and in vitro, which indicated a strong inhibitory effect of corilagin on IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway. As well, the inhibitory effect of corilagin showed a significant dose-dependence (p < 0.05). The area of fibrosis and distribution of M2 macrophages in mouse liver tissue were reduced significantly and dose-dependently with corilagin treatment compared to model group or praziquantel administration (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), indicating that corilagin suppressed IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway and M2 macrophage polarization effectively in vivo. Furthermore, the anti-fibrogenic effect persisted even when IL-13Rα1 was up- or down-regulated in vitro. In conclusion, corilagin can suppress schistosome egg-induced hepatic fibrosis via inhibition of M2 macrophage polarization in the IL-13Rα1 signaling pathway.

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Hepatobiliary Schistosomiasis

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract ameliorates schistosomiasis liver granuloma, fibrosis, and oxidative stress through downregulation of fibrinogenic signaling in mice

Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract ameliorates schistosomiasis liver granuloma, fibrosis, and oxidative stress through downregulation of fibrinogenic signaling in mice

Praziquantel Targets M1 Macrophages and Ameliorates Splenomegaly in Chronic Schistosomiasis

Corilagin Counteracts IL-13Rα1 Signaling Pathway in Macrophages to Mitigate Schistosome Egg-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis

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