Hepato-protective Effect of Clove Bud Polyphenols (Syzygium aromaticum L.) (Clovinol®) by Modulating Alcohol Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Jose, Svenia P.; Ratheesh, M.; Asha, S; Krishnakumar, I. M.; Sandya, S.; Girish, Kumar B.

doi:10.5539/jfr.v7n1p10

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The liver is the primary site of nutrient metabolism in the body (Rahman et al, 2017). Cloves are one of the most abundant sources of dietary polyphenols with many traditional medicinal uses (Jose et al, 2017). Cloves contain a eugenol compound, which mitigates thioacetamide-induced liver damage (Ali et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of level of inclusion of clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) powder in the diet on growth and histological changes in the intestines and livers of broiler chickens

Al-Mufarrej¹,

Al-Baadani²,

Fazea³

2019

SA J. An. Sci.

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The study was designed to evaluate the effects of different levels of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) powder in the diet on growth performance and histological changes of the livers and intestines of broiler chickens at 21 and 35 days old. Three hundred and thirty-six one-day-old Ross (308) broilers were allocated to eight treatments, namely: NC: negative control and unvaccinated; PC: positive control and vaccinated; and treatments T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 supplemented with different levels of clove powder (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g clove powder/kg of diet, respectively) and all vaccinated. At 21 and 35 days old, eight birds/treatment were weighed, and samples from the livers and intestines were collected to evaluate morphological and histological changes. The results showed that higher levels of clove powder (T3 to T6) resulted in a gradual decrease in the live body weight of the birds at 21 and 35 days old. Relative liver weight increased in T5 and T6 at 35 days, but not at 21 days. A shorter small intestine was recorded in birds that received 50 and 60 g (T5 and T6) clove powder, while the proportional length of small intestinal parts did not show differences among treatments at 21 and 35 days old. The supplementation in the T3 toT6 groups resulted in a gradual decrease in intestinal weight at 21 days, but was not evident at 35 days. Villus height, villus surface area and villus crypt depth showed a gradual decrease from T1 to T6 at 35 days old. Also, gradual loss was recorded of the intestinal epithelium structure by necrotic enteritis on the wall of villi with an increased level of clove powder (< T2). These results indicated that 10 g clove powder per kg diet could be used to improve the growth rate without affecting the health of the liver and intestines of broilers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of level of inclusion of clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) powder in the diet on growth and histological changes in the intestines and livers of broiler chickens

Al-Mufarrej¹,

Al-Baadani²,

Fazea³

2019

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…Similarly, other spices plants such as Petroselinum crispum (parsley oil) [ 186 ], clove ( Syzygium aromaticum L.) [ 187 ], Thymus vulgaris [ 188 ], and peppers [ 189 ] were also documented to possess a beneficial effect against alcohol-induced liver injury.…”

Section: Multicomponent Food Plant Extracts Against Aldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Mechanism of Edible Food Plants against Alcoholic Liver Disease with Special Mention to Polyphenolic Compounds

et al. 2021

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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one type of liver disease, causing a global healthcare problem and mortality. The liver undergoes tissue damage by chronic alcohol consumption because it is the main site for metabolism of ethanol. Chronic alcohol exposure progresses from alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), which further lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular cancer. Therapeutic interventions to combat ALD are very limited such as use of corticosteroids. However, these therapeutic drugs are not effective for long-term usage. Therefore, additional effective and safe therapies to cope with ALD are urgently needed. Previous studies confirmed that edible food plants and their bioactive compounds exert a protective effect against ALD. In this review article, we summarized the hepatoprotective potential of edible food plants and their bioactive compounds. The underlying mechanism for the prevention of ALD by edible food plants was as follows: anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, lipid regulation, inhibition of apoptosis, gut microbiota composition modulation, and anti-fibrosis.

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“…As described previously, we prepared PCE by the hydro-ethanolic extraction of dried clove buds followed by low temperature evaporation and spray drying to free flowing powder with not less than 30% polyphenols as gallic acid equivalent [11–13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And, diets low in polyphenols are associated with an increase in T2DM incidence [8–10]. PCE is a water-soluble standardized extract of unopened clove ( Syzygium aromaticum L. ) buds that contains a minimum of 30% total polyphenols [11–13]. HPLC analysis of PCE revealed the presence of gallic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and eugenol [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble polyphenol-rich clove extract lowers pre- and post-prandial blood glucose levels in healthy and prediabetic volunteers: an open label pilot study

Mohan¹,

Jose²,

Mulakkal³

et al. 2019

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background/objectives Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global pandemic, and contributes significantly to the increasing incidence of conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Postprandial plasma glucose measured 2-h after the start of a meal is a good indicator of the overall status of glucose homeostasis. Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum L. ) and its essential oils (eugenol and acetyl eugenol) have been shown in preclinical studies to modulate pathways involved in glucose homeostasis. In addition, a water-soluble polyphenolic extract of unopened clove buds was recently shown to benefit liver function and redox status. Therefore, we conducted an open-label pilot study to test whether this polyphenolic clove extract (PCE) could influence glucose metabolism. Methods We evaluated the effect of PCE supplementation (250 mg once daily for 30 days) on preprandial glucose levels and 2-h postprandial glucose levels in 13 otherwise healthy volunteers who were stratified into two groups according to their initial preprandial glucose levels: Group I ( n = 7) ≤100 mg/dL, Group II ( n = 6) – between 101 and 125 mg/dL. In an effort to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of PCE action, we tested in vitro the effects of PCE on glucose uptake, hepatocyte glucose production, and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes. Results At day 12 of supplementation, we observed statistically significant reductions in mean postprandial glucose levels in both groups [(Group I: Initial - Day 12 PPG = 13.29 mg/dL, 95% CI: 3.329–23.24) (Group II: Initial – Day 12 PPG = 16.67 mg/dL, 95% CI: 4.687–28.65, P = 0.0159)], which continued through study completion at day 30. PCE supplementation significantly decreased mean preprandial glucose levels only in Group II at Days 24 (Initial – Day 24 = 13.00 mg/dL, 95% CI: 1.407–24.59, P = 0.0345) and 30 (Initial – Day 30 = 13.67 mg/dL, 95% CI: 5.766–21.57, P = 0.0067). In cell-based assays, PCE enhanced glucose uptake in L6 myocytes and inhibited hepatocyte glucose production HepG2 cells. In cell-free assays, PCE inhibited α-amylase activity and α-glucosidase activity. Conclusions These findings underscore the therapeutic utility of PCE for maintaining healthy glucose metabolism and warrant further larger-scale clinical trials. Trial registration This trial was retrospectively registered in the ISRCTN registry on September 29, 2018 ( ISRCTN15680985 ).

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Hepato-protective Effect of Clove Bud Polyphenols (Syzygium aromaticum L.) (Clovinol®) by Modulating Alcohol Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of level of inclusion of clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) powder in the diet on growth and histological changes in the intestines and livers of broiler chickens

Effect of level of inclusion of clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) powder in the diet on growth and histological changes in the intestines and livers of broiler chickens

Protective Mechanism of Edible Food Plants against Alcoholic Liver Disease with Special Mention to Polyphenolic Compounds

Water-soluble polyphenol-rich clove extract lowers pre- and post-prandial blood glucose levels in healthy and prediabetic volunteers: an open label pilot study

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