Hepatitis viruses infection and risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis

Abstract

BackgroundStudies investigating the association between Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to explore this relationship.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted to identify the eligible studies of hepatitis infections and ICC risk up to September 2011. Summary odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated with random-effects models using Review Manager version 5.0.ResultsThirteen case–control studies and 3 cohort studies were included in the final analysis. The combined risk estimate of all studies showed statistically significant increased risk of ICC incidence with HBV and HCV infection (OR = 3.17, 95% CI, 1.88-5.34, and OR = 3.42, 95% CI, 1.96-5.99, respectively). For case–control studies alone, the combined OR of infection with HBV and HCV were 2.86 (95% CI, 1.60-5.11) and 3.63 (95% CI, 1.86-7.05), respectively, and for cohort studies alone, the OR of HBV and HCV infection were 5.39 (95% CI, 2.34-12.44) and 2.60 (95% CI, 1.36-4.97), respectively.ConclusionsThis study suggests that both HBV and HCV infection are associated with an increased risk of ICC.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Cholangiocarcinoma

“…In studies from Western countries, hepatitis C virus (HCV) was shown to be a risk factor for CCA [54], whereas studies from Asia have shown more consistently HBV as a risk factor for IH-CCA [55]; a Japanese study confirmed findings from Western countries where IH-CCA association was stronger with HCV exposure than with HBV. The association of HBV and HCV with IH-CCA has also been recently confirmed in two meta-analyses of case-control and cohort studies with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.84 (2.41-9.71) for HCV and of 5.10 (2.91-8.95) for HBV [56,57]. The risk estimates for IH-CCA were increased for both HBV and HCV, whereas the association of HBV and IH-CCA was greater in Asian patients but lower for HCV and CCA as compared to Western patients [56,57].…”

Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection is a Risk Factor for the Development of Cholangiocarcinoma

“…In addition, chronic infection with Salmonella typhi, Helicobacter species and the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini has been implicated (1,(3)(4)(5). Palmer and Patel (6) and Zhou et al (7) previously reported that hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with an increased risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Recent studies from China, where the prevalence of the HBV carrier state is very high, have shown that HBV DNA and HCV RNA are detected in the tissue specimens of patients with ICC and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) (8,9).…”

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Unresectable Cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand: Are there Differences Dependent on Stent Type?

“…A metaanalysis revealed that chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection also increase the risk of this malignancy (Zhou et al, 2012). CCA is generally divided to intrahepatic and extrahepatic types.…”