Hepatitis E Virus Infections among Patients with Acute Febrile Jaundice in Burkina Faso

Kania, Dramane; Mantono, Judith Mbombi; Kagoné, Thérèse; Zida, Sylvie; Tassembedo, Souleymane; Dicko, Amadou; Tinto, Bachirou; Yaro, Seydou; Hien, Hervé; Rouamba, Jérémi; Bicaba, Brice; Médah, Isaïe; Méda, Nicolas; Traoré, Oumar; Tuaillon, Édouard; Abravanel, Florence; Izopet, Jacques

doi:10.3390/v11060554

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The phylogenetic analysis also showed one strain that belongs to genotype 2 subtype b that is closely related (~90-93% of identity) to strains isolated from an outbreak in Nigeria in 2017 [23], in France from a person with history of recent travel to Senegal [24], and during a recent outbreak in Burkina Faso (Fig. 3) [25]. Of note, this strain is highly related to the strain isolated in 2008 in the CAR (100% of identity) [11].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

Hepatitis E virus outbreak associated with rainfall in the Central African Republic in 2008-2009

et al. 2020

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Background: Infection by hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause a high burden of morbidity and mortality in countries with poor access to clean water and sanitation. Our study aimed to investigate the situation of HEV infections in the Central African Republic (CAR). Methods: A retrospective analysis of the blood samples and notification forms collected through the national yellow fever (YF) surveillance program, but for which a diagnosis of YF was discarded, was carried out using an anti-HEV IgM ELISA and a HEV-specific RT-PCR. Results: Of 2883 YF-negative samples collected between January 2008 and December 2012, 745 (~26%) tested positive by at least either of the 2 tests used to confirm HEV cases. The results revealed that the CAR was hit by a large HEV outbreak in 2008 and 2009. The results also showed a clear seasonal pattern with correlation between HEV incidence and rainfall in Bangui. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the circulating strains belonged to genotypes 1e and 2b. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides further evidences that HEV can be a significant cause of acute febrile jaundice, particularly among adults during rainy season or flood, in a country from Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

Hepatitis E virus outbreak associated with rainfall in the Central African Republic in 2008-2009

et al. 2020

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“…In Burkina Faso, HEV is likely endemic in humans and in swine [ 7 8 9 ]. Although HEV genotyping in acute jaundice human patients between 2013 and 2016 exclusively identified genotype 2 [ 10 ], zoonotic genotype 3 is circulating in swine in Burkina Faso [ 7 ], as in other African countries [ 11 12 13 ]. The higher seroprevalence in people with occupational exposure to pigs (76.0% pork butchers in Ouagadougou [ 7 ]) compared to the general population in Burkina Faso (39.0% in blood donors [ 9 ]) and in Nigeria [ 14 ] suggests the potential importance of zoonotic infections on the continent, at least in certain risk groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in cattle in Burkina Faso associated with swine mixed farming

et al. 2022

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Background Endemic circulation of human-specific hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2 may occult the importance of sporadic zoonotic HEV transmissions in Africa. Increasing numbers of studies reporting anti-HEV antibodies in cattle and the discovery of infectious HEV in cow milk has raised public health concern, but cattle exposure has seldom been investigated in Africa. Objectives This study aimed at investigating the role of cows in the epidemiology of HEV in Burkina Faso and farmers habits in terms of dairy product consumption as a prerequisite to estimate the risk of transmission to humans. Methods Sera from 475 cattle and 192 pigs were screened for the presence of anti-HEV antibodies while HEV RNA in swine stools was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data on mixed farming, dairy product consumption and selling habits were gathered through questionnaires. Results The overall seroprevalence in cattle was 5.1% and herd seroprevalence reached 32.4% (11/34). Herd seropositivity was not associated with husbandry practice or presence of rabbits on the farms. However, herd seropositivity was associated with on-site presence of pigs, 80.7% of which had anti-HEV antibodies. The majority of farmers reported to preferentially consume raw milk based dairy products. Conclusions Concomitant presence of pigs on cattle farms constitutes a risk factor for HEV exposure of cattle. However, the risk of HEV infections associated with raw cow dairy product consumption is currently considered as low.

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“…Other similar studies have shown that HEV IgM seroprevalence is generally between 0-34% in sub-Saharan Africa [17]. The HEV IgM rates detected in other endemic countries were 2.6% in Burkina Faso [18], 10.4% in the Demographic Republic of Congo [12], 38.4% in Niger [19], 22% in Cameroon [20], 0.34% in Algeria [21], and 4.4% in Sudan [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Prevalence and Diversity of Hepatitis Virus Markers among Patients with Acute Febrile Jaundice in Chad

Yandai

Traoré

Moussa

et al. 2021

Microbiology Research

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Only a minority of the patients with acute febrile jaundice evaluated through the Yellow Fever surveillance program were found positive for antibodies against Yellow Fever Virus (YFV). In order to characterize patients with acute febrile jaundice negative for YFV, we collected 255 sera between January to December 2019. We screened for HBV antigens, and antibodies against HCV and HEV. The seroprevalences observed were 10.6% (27/255) for HBV, 2% (5/255) for HCV, 17.3% (44/255) for HEV IgG, 4.3% (11/255) for HEV IgM, and 12.5% (32/255) for both IgG and IgM HEV. Prevalence of HEV was significantly higher in females than males (p < 0.01). HEV IgG prevalence was highest in those 20–29 years old, but the highest incidence rate (IgM positive) was in children 0–9 years old. Exposure to HEV was higher in the Sahelian zone (55.8%, 95% CI: 40.97–70.66) than in the Sudanese zone (30.2%, 95% CI: 24.01–36.37, p = 0.003). The high prevalence rates and hepatitis virus diversity underline the challenge of routine clinical diagnosis in Chad’s Yellow Fever surveillance program.

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Hepatitis E Virus Infections among Patients with Acute Febrile Jaundice in Burkina Faso

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Hepatitis E virus outbreak associated with rainfall in the Central African Republic in 2008-2009

Hepatitis E virus outbreak associated with rainfall in the Central African Republic in 2008-2009

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in cattle in Burkina Faso associated with swine mixed farming

Prevalence and Diversity of Hepatitis Virus Markers among Patients with Acute Febrile Jaundice in Chad

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