Hepatitis E Virus among Persons Who Inject Drugs, San Diego, California, USA, 2009–2010

Mahajan, Reena; Collier, Melissa G.; Kamili, Saleem; Drobeniuc, Jan; Cuevas-Mota, Jazmine; Garfein, Richard S.; Teshale, Eyasu H.

doi:10.3201/eid1910.130630

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, a higher seropositivity is reported in haemodialysis patients (Harrison et al., ). Some studies have shown a higher prevalence of HEV among institutionalized psychiatric patients (Cheng et al., ), especially patients from wards for addiction therapy including alcohol addicts and injecting drug users (IDUs) (Reinheimer et al., ; Mahajan et al., ). Men who have sex with men (MSM) are known to be at risk of transmission of enteric infection and could be another risk group for HEV infection (Payne et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis E in Selected Population Groups in Croatia: A Prospective Pilot Study

Vilibić-Čavlek

Vilibić²,

Kolarić

et al. 2016

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis E has become an emerging infection in many European countries. We analysed the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in selected population groups in Croatia. Overall HEV IgG seropositivity was 5.6%, while 1.9% participants showed IgM antibodies suggestive of recent infection. No IgM-positive sample was positive for HEV RNA. HEV IgG antibodies were most prevalent in alcohol abusers (8.9%) and war veterans (8.6%), compared with 6.1% among injecting drug users and 2.7% in healthcare professionals. No individual with high-risk sexual behaviour tested HEV seropositive. HEV IgG positivity increased significantly with age from 1.8% to 2.3% in individuals younger than 40 years to 11.3% in individuals older than 50 years (P = 0.023). The mean age of HEV-positive participants was significantly higher than that of HEV-negative participants (50.9 ± 11.8 years versus 41.2 ± 11.8 years, P = 0.008). Seroprevalence rates were significantly higher in residents of suburban and rural areas compared with residents of urban areas (14.5% versus 2.5%, P = 0.003). Additionally, an increasing prevalence of HEV IgG antibodies was observed from 1.8% in participants living in families with two household members to 12.1% in those living with more than four members (P = 0.046). Gender, marital status, educational level, sexual orientation, source of drinking water, history of blood transfusions, surgical procedures, tattooing and travelling were not associated with HEV seroprevalence. Logistic regression showed that living in suburban/rural areas was the main risk factor for HEV seropositivity (OR = 6.67; 95%CI = 1.89-25.0; AOR = 7.14, 95%CI = 1.89-25.0).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis E in Selected Population Groups in Croatia: A Prospective Pilot Study

Vilibić-Čavlek

Vilibić²,

Kolarić

et al. 2016

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalence is the same with the prevalence recorded in United States [10]. However, it is lower than a prevalence of 22.5% in Rural Bangladesh [8], 14.3% in Austria [2], 5.38% in Italy [4], 5.8% in Ghana [11] 18.8% among schistosomiasis patients in Northeastern Brazil [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Human Hepatitis E Virus among Apparently Healthy Individuals in Ogbomoso, South-Western Nigeria

Oloke

2017

JHVRV

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence, and associated risk factors, of hepatitis E virus. A total of 186 consented apparently healthy individuals were recruited. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the socio-demographic information from the individuals. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for anti-HEV using third generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples were collected over a period of 10 months (December 2014 -September 2015. Results obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 statistical software; Chi-square (χ 2 ) test was utilized to assess the association between the sociodemographic variables and HEV status while Logistic regression was done to determine the strength of association between the potential risk factors and HEV status (statistical significance was set at P ˂ 0.05). The overall anti-HEV prevalence was 2.7% (5/186). The highest seroprevalence was in the age range 15-25 (4.1%) years. Males had higher prevalence (3.2%). None of the sociodemographic status and potential risk factors were significantly associated with HEV infection (P ˃ 0.05). Preventive public health measures should be maintained among individuals and communities. Data suggest further research with larger population as HEV remains an under-recognized public health challenge.

show abstract

“…Among drug users, the prevalence of HEV infection varies considerably from 1.5% to 22.8% in different countries . The highest rate (22.8%) was reported in injecting drug users (IDUs), probably due to parenteral exposure .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Among drug users, the prevalence of HEV infection varies considerably from 1.5% to 22.8% in different countries. 3,10,11,14,15 The highest rate (22.8%) was reported in injecting drug users (IDUs), probably due to parenteral exposure. 10 Thus, the difference between the prevalence of HEV exposure found in this study compared with the studies conducted in IDUs may be explained by the low frequency of injection drug users in our studied population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of hepatitis E virus infections among persons who use crack cocaine from the Midwest region of Brazil

Castro

Tejada‐Strop

Weis

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among persons who use crack from Midwest region of Brazil. Sera samples from 698 users of crack, collected from November 2013 to July 2015 were tested for anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) markers. Of the 698 serum samples, 99 (14.2%) were positive for anti-HEV IgG. Two samples were positive for anti-HEV IgM but both were negative for HEV RNA. The variables independently associated with anti-HEV positivity were increasing age and absence of stable partnership. This study showed high prevalence of past hepatitis E virus infection among persons who use crack.

show abstract

Hepatitis E Virus among Persons Who Inject Drugs, San Diego, California, USA, 2009–2010

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis E in Selected Population Groups in Croatia: A Prospective Pilot Study

Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis E in Selected Population Groups in Croatia: A Prospective Pilot Study

Human Hepatitis E Virus among Apparently Healthy Individuals in Ogbomoso, South-Western Nigeria

Evidence of hepatitis E virus infections among persons who use crack cocaine from the Midwest region of Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About