Hepatitis E seroprevalence among blood donors: A pilot study from Western India

Gajjar, Maitrey; Bhatnagar, Nidhi; Sonani, Rajesh; Gupta, Shweta; Patel, Tarak

doi:10.4103/0973-6247.126685

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, in a serosurvey of children aged 0–15 during an Ugandan outbreak, IgM positivity was 37.3% [29]. In endemic areas, asymptomatic positivity in blood donors varies from 0.5 to 5% [30–34]. Our finding of 3.2% IgM positivity in blood donors from earthquake-affected regions is consistent with ongoing endemic transmission.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Hepatitis E virus seroepidemiology: a post-earthquake study among blood donors in Nepal

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAs one of the causative agents of viral hepatitis, hepatitis E virus (HEV) has gained public health attention globally. HEV epidemics occur in developing countries, associated with faecal contamination of water and poor sanitation. In industrialised nations, HEV infections are associated with travel to countries endemic for HEV, however, autochthonous infections, mainly through zoonotic transmission, are increasingly being reported. HEV can also be transmitted by blood transfusion. Nepal has experienced a number of HEV outbreaks, and recent earthquakes resulted in predictions raising the risk of an HEV outbreak to very high. This study aimed to measure HEV exposure in Nepalese blood donors after large earthquakes.MethodsSamples (n = 1,845) were collected from blood donors from Kathmandu, Chitwan, Bhaktapur and Kavre. Demographic details, including age and sex along with possible risk factors associated with HEV exposure were collected via a study-specific questionnaire. Samples were tested for HEV IgM, IgG and antigen. The proportion of donors positive for HEV IgM or IgG was calculated overall, and for each of the variables studied. Chi square and regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with HEV exposure.ResultsOf the donors residing in earthquake affected regions (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Kavre), 3.2% (54/1,686; 95% CI 2.7–4.0%) were HEV IgM positive and two donors were positive for HEV antigen. Overall, 41.9% (773/1,845; 95% CI 39.7–44.2%) of donors were HEV IgG positive, with regional variation observed. Higher HEV IgG and IgM prevalence was observed in donors who reported eating pork, likely an indicator of zoonotic transmission. Previous exposure to HEV in Nepalese blood donors is relatively high.ConclusionDetection of recent markers of HEV infection in healthy donors suggests recent asymptomatic HEV infection and therefore transfusion-transmission in vulnerable patients is a risk in Nepal. Surprisingly, this study did not provide evidence of a large HEV outbreak following the devastating earthquakes in 2015.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Hepatitis E virus seroepidemiology: a post-earthquake study among blood donors in Nepal

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results of a study in Indonesia also illustrated that hepatitis E was more prevalent among people who lived alongside rivers (24). Moreover, Gajjar et al (2014) reported that hepatitis E is more prevalent in developing countries where people suffer from the shortage of healthy drinking water and environmental sanitation (25). The statistics released by the world health organization (WHO) also indicate that in countries which have ineffective sewage disposal systems, people are more at risk for developing hepatitis E. Consequently, the WHO has recommended these countries to use effective sewage disposal systems (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Investigating the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Among Blood Donors Referring to Blood Donation Centers in Birjand County in Iran

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Hepatitis E is among the most important health challenges in many countries. This study aimed at investigating the sero-prevalence of hepatitis E among blood donors in Birjand county, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed in 2013 -2014 on 340 blood donors who referred to blood donation centers in Birjand county, Iran, for blood donation. The participants were recruited through simple random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection which included items such as demographic characteristics, past medical history, history of blood transfusion, and the source of drinking water. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by an infectious disease specialist and a statistician. A five-milliliter blood sample was obtained from each donor and serological assessment was performed for detecting hepatitis E virus antibody by using the ELISA method. The data were analyzed through running logistic regression analysis using the SPSS software (version 15.0). Results: From 340 participants, 319 cases (93.8%) were male, 256 cases (75.3%) held university degrees, 13 cases (3.8%) had a history of blood transfusion, and 50 cases (14.7%) were anti-hepatitis E positive. The result of serologic test was significantly correlated with the participants' educational status, place of residence, and source of drinking water (P < 0.05). However, the correlation of the test result with the participants' gender, age, employment, and history of blood transfusion was not statistically significant. Conclusions:The prevalence of hepatitis E in the present study was higher than previous studies, denoting the higher prevalence of hepatitis E in the area. Moreover, the prevalence of hepatitis E is lower among blood donors who have higher educational status, live in urban areas, and use piped water.

show abstract

“…However, considerable studies focusing on HEV infection among blood donors have been conducted in many countries and regions to evaluate the risk of HEV infection transmitted by transfusion[ 33 ]. The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG in blood donors was reported as 4.9% to 52.5% (Midi-Pyrenees, France) in Europe, 5.3% in Australia, 14.3% to 21.48% in center Asia, and 22.3% in the United States [ 34 – 41 ]. The prevalence of anti-HEV IgM in blood donors was investigated as 4.78% and 4.3% in India and Saudi Arabia, respectively[ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG in blood donors was reported as 4.9% to 52.5% (Midi-Pyrenees, France) in Europe, 5.3% in Australia, 14.3% to 21.48% in center Asia, and 22.3% in the United States [ 34 – 41 ]. The prevalence of anti-HEV IgM in blood donors was investigated as 4.78% and 4.3% in India and Saudi Arabia, respectively[ 40 , 41 ]. The prevalence of HEV RNA in blood donors was considered to be 0.045% in French, 0.031% in Dutch, 0.03% in Spain and 0.08% in Germany[ 34 , 36 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute, Recent and Past HEV Infection among Voluntary Blood Donors in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yin

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionHepatitis E virus is one of new threats to blood safety which was usually considered to be transmitted via fecal-oral route. China is one of the hyperendemic regions where frequent outbreaks of hepatitis E are noted. However, the overall prevalence of HEV infection among mainland Chinese blood donors is not clear until now.MethodThe peer-reviewed literatures reporting the prevalence of HEV in Chinese blood donors were identified by systematic searching of five electronic databases. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement issued in 2009. Data manipulation and statistical analyses were performed by Stata 12.0.ResultsFourteen eligible articles involving 22 independent studies were included. Pooled prevalence of HEV infection biomarkers (anti-HEV IgG, anti-HEV IgM, RNA and antigen) among mainland Chinese blood donors were 29.2%, 1.1%, 0.1% and 0.1%, respectively which were higher than the data reported in other countries. The analysis of HEV genotypes indicated that the most prevalent strains in Chinese blood donors were genotype 1 and 4.ConclusionsMainland China is indicated with a relatively higher risk of transmission of hepatitis E through transfusion and the screening of blood donors for HEV RNA, especially in HEV-endemic areas, might reduce the potential risk of HEV infection via transfusion.

show abstract

Hepatitis E seroprevalence among blood donors: A pilot study from Western India

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Hepatitis E virus seroepidemiology: a post-earthquake study among blood donors in Nepal

Hepatitis E virus seroepidemiology: a post-earthquake study among blood donors in Nepal

Investigating the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Among Blood Donors Referring to Blood Donation Centers in Birjand County in Iran

Acute, Recent and Past HEV Infection among Voluntary Blood Donors in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About