Hepatitis D Virus

Rizzetto, Mario

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94355-8_11

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Because the HDV is almost invariably pathogenic and induces liver disease, the prevalence rate of its infection is distinctly higher in HBsAg carriers with chronic liver disease than in asymptomatic HBV infections and raises in parallel with the severity of the liver disease. The corollarium is that serological surveys for HDV are most reliable when evaluated in HBsAg carrier with advanced liver disorders, and that comparison of the prevalence of HDV vs HBV and HCV should be made on a common denominator of liver pathology, rather than on conventional demographic denominators . On this basis, only the patients with cirrhosis collected at the Center were considered in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan

Khodjaeva¹,

Ibadullaeva²,

Khikmatullaeva³

et al. 2019

Liver International

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Background & Aims The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Uzbekistan but the medical impact of infection with the HBV‐dependent hepatitis D virus (HDV) is unknown in the Country. An Hepatology Center was recently established at the Institute of Virology in Tashkent, which has set up a database enlisting patients with chronic viral liver disorders from all over Uzbekistan; it provides an observatory on the current scenario of viral hepatitis in the Country. Methods The prevalence of HBV monoinfection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HDV superinfection on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive cirrhosis was determined in 6589 patients with viral cirrhosis collected in the last 3 years. Results Of 1089, 1150 and 1455 carriers of the HBsAg with cirrhosis recruited in 2016, 2017 and 2018, 834 (76.5%), 926 (80.5%) and 1224 (84%) respectively, had antibody to the HDV. In 2016, 2017 and 2018, the prevalence of HDV infection has been 41%, 45% and 49.1% respectively, largely exceeding the prevalence of HBV monoinfection (12.5%, 11% and 9.3% respectively) and surpassing the prevalence of HCV in 2017 and 2018 (44% and 41.5% respectively). The median age of the patients with HDV cirrhosis was 39 years, distinctly lower than that of HBV and HCV patients (46 and 55). Conclusions Superinfection with the HDV is present in over 80% of the HBsAg‐positive cirrhosis in Uzbekistan. The HDV appears to be the major cause of advanced viral liver disease and of juvenile cirrhosis in the Country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan

Khodjaeva¹,

Ibadullaeva²,

Khikmatullaeva³

et al. 2019

Liver International

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“…The critical variable determining the epidemiology of hepatitis D is the network of HBsAg-susceptible individuals. 13 By depleting their number, HBV vaccination provides the most efficient means to control HDV infections. In this review, we attempted to determine the current impact of chronic hepatitis D (CHD) in the world based on the analysis of the pertinent literature published in the last 10 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing context of hepatitis D

Rizzetto

Salehiniya

Negro

2021

Journal of Hepatology

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108

117

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The global epidemiology of hepatitis D is changing with the widespread implementation of vaccination against hepatitis B. In high-income countries that achieved optimal control of HBV, the epidemiology of hepatitis D is dual, consisting of an ageing cohort of domestic patients with advanced liver fibrosis who represent the end stage of the natural history of HDV, and of a younger generation of immigrants from endemic countries who account for the majority of new infections. As observed in Europe in the 1980s, the distinctive clinical characteristic of chronic hepatitis D in endemic countries is the accelerated progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite some recent progress, the therapeutic management of HDV remains unsatisfactory, as most patients are not cured of HDV with currently available medicines. This review article describes the current epidemiology and clinical features of chronic hepatitis D, based on the literature published in the last 10 years.

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“…1 For this reason, the epidemiology of the two viruses is invariably linked. 2 However, the clinical scenario of HDV/HBV dual infection is different from HBV monoinfection and knowledge of the pathobiology of HDV is critical to understand the unique epidemiology of this virus. It is now well accepted that HBV/HDV dual infection causes more severe liver disease, faster development of cirrhosis, higher risk of liver decompensation and liver-related death, as compared to HBV monoinfection.…”

Section: Natur Al His Tory Diag Nos Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, not all HBsAg carriers are equally suitable, as this is also dependent on the state of the liver disease, as we will discuss later. While the majority of HBsAg carriers with anti-HD have an active HDV infection accompanied by HDV-RNA in serum, 2 there is a small minority of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers with anti-HD, but negative for HDV RNA, who are considered cases of resolved HDV superinfection, irrelevant to viral transmission: for example in many blood samples collected at blood banks, HDV-RNA is not found. 8,9 Compared to HBV, which often does not elicit significant liver damage, HDV is highly pathogenic and results in the development of cirrhosis in approximately 70% of cases within 5-10 years of infection.…”

Section: Natur Al His Tory Diag Nos Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus that depends on the HBV for replication 1 . For this reason, the epidemiology of the two viruses is invariably linked 2 . However, the clinical scenario of HDV/HBV dual infection is different from HBV monoinfection and knowledge of the pathobiology of HDV is critical to understand the unique epidemiology of this virus.…”

Section: Natural History Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Asia and Africa; time for a reappraisal

Rizzetto

Salehiniya

2020

Liver International

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Although hepatitis D is believed to be an important medical problem in Africa and many areas of Asia, the geographical distribution and prevalence rates of infection with the hepatitis D virus (HDV) vary considerably, are often inconsistent and sometimes conflicting. Discrepancies may depend on methodological problems, primarily on different modalities of patients' recruitment; these are analysed in this mini-review, in order to provide a uniform clinical approach when testing patients with chronic HDV disease. K E Y W O R D S hepatitis D, hepatitis D virus, hepatitis delta How to cite this article: Rizzetto M, Hamid S. The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Asia and Africa; time for a reappraisal.

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Hepatitis D Virus

Cited by 9 publications

References 75 publications

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan

The changing context of hepatitis D

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Asia and Africa; time for a reappraisal

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