Hepatitis C virus screening trends: A 2016 update of the National Health Interview Survey

Kasting, Monica L.; Giuliano, Anna R.; Reich, Richard R.; Roetzheim, Richard G.; Duong, Linh M.; Thomas, Emmanuel; Nelson, David R.; Shenkman, Louis; Vadaparampil, Susan T.

doi:10.1016/j.canep.2019.03.007

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…If providers in our sample were strongly recommending HCV screening, and presenting it as routine, we would expect to have very high rates of HCV screening uptake among their patients. While we do not have specific screening rates for the patients of each of our physician participants, low rates of HCV screening have been observed nationally as well as in other research that has included these health systems [ 14 , 21 , 22 , 36 ]. This finding may indicate providers are over-reporting their use of a strong recommendation for HCV screening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) augmented their risk-based HCV screening guidelines to include a one-time screening for persons born 1945-1965 (i.e., baby boomers) [12]; followed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in 2013 [13]. However, according to the 2016 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), only 14.1% of adults in this age group reported ever being screened for HCV [14]. Furthermore, in 2020 the USPSTF expanded the recommendation to include a one-time screening for all persons ages 18-79 [15], further highlighting the need to explore barriers to HCV screening in primary care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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There’s just not enough time: a mixed methods pilot study of hepatitis C virus screening among baby boomers in primary care

et al. 2020

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Background Liver cancer rates are rising and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the primary cause. The CDC recommends a one-time HCV screening for all persons born 1945–1965 (baby boomers). However, 14% of baby boomers have been screened. Few studies have examined primary care providers’ (PCP) perspectives on barriers to HCV screening. This study examines current HCV screening practices, knowledge, barriers, and facilitators to HCV screening recommendation for baby boomers among PCPs. Methods We conducted a mixed methods pilot study of PCPs. Quantitative: We surveyed PCPs from 3 large academic health systems assessing screening practices, knowledge (range:0–9), self-efficacy to identify and treat HCV (range:0–32), and barriers (range:0–10). Qualitative: We conducted interviews assessing patient, provider, and clinic-level barriers to HCV screening for baby boomers in primary care. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed with content analysis. Results The study sample consisted of 31 PCPs (22 survey participants and nine interview participants). All PCPs were aware of the birth cohort screening recommendation and survey participants reported high HCV testing recommendation, but qualitative interviews indicated other priorities may supersede recommending HCV testing. Provider knowledge of viral transmission was high, but lower for infection prevalence. While survey participants reported very few barriers to HCV screening in primary care, interview participants provided a more nuanced description of barriers such as lack of time. Conclusions There is a need for provider education on both HCV treatment as well as how to effectively recommend HCV screening for their patients. As HCV screening guidelines continue to expand to a larger segment of the primary care population, it is important to understand ways to improve HCV screening in primary care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

There’s just not enough time: a mixed methods pilot study of hepatitis C virus screening among baby boomers in primary care

et al. 2020

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“…Even among people with access to health care and an elevated ALT level, the HCV screening rate is low. 41 Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2012 and the US Preventive Services Task Force in 2013 expanded their recommendations to include one-time HCV screening for all people born from 1945 to 1965 in addition to risk-based screening. 42 The rationale for birth cohort-based screening is the disproportionately high prevalence of HCV infection in this population.…”

Section: Hcv Screening Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncologic Implications of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Hwang

LoConte

Rice

et al. 2019

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Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection increases the risk for several types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as primary and second primary malignancies. HCV-infected patients with cancer, particularly those undergoing anticancer therapy, are at risk for development of enhanced HCV replication, which can lead to hepatitis flare and progression of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. Risk factors for HCV infection include injection drug use, blood transfusion, or solid organ transplantation before 1992, receipt of clotting factor concentrates before 1987, long-term hemodialysis, chronic liver disease, HIV positivity, and occupational exposure. Widely available direct-acting antivirals are highly effective against HCV and well tolerated. Identification of HCV-infected individuals is the essential first step in treatment and eradication of the infection. One-time screening is recommended for persons born from 1945 to 1965; screening is also recommended for persons with risk factors. Recently, a public health recommendation has been drafted to screen all adults age 18 to 79 years. Two oncology organizations recommend screening all patients with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, and a recently published multicenter prospective study supports universal HCV screening for all patients with cancer. HCV screening entails testing for anti-HCV antibodies in serum and, when results are positive, HCV RNA quantitation to confirm infection. Direct-acting antiviral therapy eradicates HCV in almost all cases. Virologic cure of HCV prevents chronic hepatitis and progression to liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. HCV eradication also decreases the risk of developing HCV-associated primary and second primary malignancies, and it may allow HCV-infected patients access to important cancer clinical trials. Patients with HCV-related cirrhosis require lifelong surveillance for HCC, even after viral eradication.

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“…The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and US Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) have recommended one-time HCV screening for persons born between 1945 and 1965, 2 3 yet only 14%–17% of this cohort has been screened for HCV. 4 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact and costs of a hepatitis C virus screening programme for adults hospitalised at an academic medical centre

et al. 2021

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Hepatitis C virus screening trends: A 2016 update of the National Health Interview Survey

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

There’s just not enough time: a mixed methods pilot study of hepatitis C virus screening among baby boomers in primary care

There’s just not enough time: a mixed methods pilot study of hepatitis C virus screening among baby boomers in primary care

Oncologic Implications of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Impact and costs of a hepatitis C virus screening programme for adults hospitalised at an academic medical centre

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