Hepatitis C virus reinfection after sustained virological response in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C

Pineda, Juan A.; Núñez-Torres, Rocío; Téllez, Francisco; Mancebo, M.J.; García, Féderico; Merchante, Nicolás; Pérez-Pérez, Montserrat; Neukam, Karin; Macı́as, Juan; Real, Luis Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2015.07.006

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Among 119 prisoners who obtained SVR, 9 (7.6%) were reinfected after a mean follow-up of 1.4 years, generating an overall incidence of 5.3/100 PY. Selfreported data on risk behaviour were unreliable, as four reinfected individuals reported no risk factors; thus, no reasonable reinfection estimate could be given among those who continued to inject drugs Epidemiology of HCV Conversely, in another Spanish study of 84 HIV/ HCV co-infected individuals [125], a much lower incidence of reinfection (1.2/100 PY) was found. This was an overall low-risk population mainly comprising former PWID or individuals on stable OST, but in the subgroup reporting risk behaviours during follow-up, 3 of 11 were reinfected (incidence 8.7/100PY).…”

Section: Incidence Of Hcv Reinfection After Svr Among Pwidmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Reinfection following sustained virological response (SVR) has over the last 10-15 years been documented in several studies in populations of PWID [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127], prisoners [128,129], and MSM [7,98,114,[130][131][132] (Tables 1 and 2). The reinfection incidence estimates reported in these studies have ranged considerably, reflecting differences in study populations with regards to risk behaviours, harm reduction coverage, and background viremic prevalence.…”

Section: Heterogeneity and Limitations Of Reinfection Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most reinfection studies utilizing sequencing methods have applied majority population-based sequencing (i.e., Sanger sequencing) [98,114,122,123,125,126], but NGS is emerging as the state-of-the-art method [146,148]. Compared to population-based sequencing, NGS offers high throughput analysis with superior sensitivity, but at the same time generates large amounts of data that require costly bioinformatics and phylogenetic analysis.…”

Section: Heterogeneity and Limitations Of Reinfection Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, most studies have focused on reinfection following treatment of acute HCV infection [7,98,114,130,131], and few data are available on the incidence of reinfection after treatment of chronic HCV infection [7,125]. However, in a British study [7] among HIV/HCV co-infected MSM that included both acute infections and cases of unknown duration, data on reinfection was reported for 46 individuals with unknown date of HCV infection.…”

Section: Incidence Of Hcv Reinfection After Svr Among Msmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection

Midgard

Weir

Palmateer

et al. 2016

Journal of Hepatology

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149

100

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Injecting risk behaviours among people who inject drugs (PWID) and high-risk sexual practices among men who have sex with men (MSM) are important routes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. Current direct-acting antiviral treatment offers unique opportunities for reductions in HCV-related liver disease burden and epidemic control in high-risk groups, but these prospects could be counteracted by HCV reinfection due to on-going risk behaviours after successful treatment. Based on existing data from small and heterogeneous studies of interferon-based treatment, the incidence of reinfection after sustained virological response range from 2-6/100 person years among PWID to 10-15/100 person years among human immunodeficiency virus-infected MSM. These differences mainly reflect heterogeneity in study populations with regards to risk behaviours, but also reflect variations in study designs and applied virological methods. Increasing levels of reinfection are to be expected as we enter the interferon-free treatment era. Individual- and population-level efforts to address and prevent reinfection should therefore be undertaken when providing HCV care for people with on-going risk behaviour. Constructive strategies include acknowledgement, education and counselling, harm reduction optimization, scaled-up treatment including treatment of injecting networks, post-treatment screening, and rapid retreatment of reinfections.

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Section: Incidence Of Hcv Reinfection After Svr Among Pwidmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Heterogeneity and Limitations Of Reinfection Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heterogeneity and Limitations Of Reinfection Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incidence Of Hcv Reinfection After Svr Among Msmmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection

Midgard

Weir

Palmateer

et al. 2016

Journal of Hepatology

Self Cite

149

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While often discussed as separate cohorts, it is important to remember that there is significant overlap [76]. Among a cohort of HIV/HCV coinfected individuals (of whom 86% reported ever injecting drugs), overall reinfection incidence was 1.2 per 100 py (95% CI 0.3, 3.1) [51]. Reinfection incidence in those individuals who used heroin and/or cocaine during follow-up was 8.7 per 100 py (95% CI 4.8, 23.7).…”

Section: Hcv Reinfection Among Hiv-positive Msmmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV Cure and Reinfection Among People With HIV/HCV Coinfection and People Who Inject Drugs

Martinello¹,

Hajarizadeh²,

Grebely³

et al. 2017

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

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Concern that HCV reinfection may compromise HCV treatment outcomes is sometimes cited as a reason for not offering treatment to current and former PWID. However, the incidence of reinfection following interferon-based treatment for chronic HCV is low among PWID. Reinfection rates in HIV-positive men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) are varied, with high incidence reported in some cohorts. Mathematical modelling suggests that substantial reductions in HCV incidence and prevalence could be achieved with targeted DAA therapy among those at the highest risk of ongoing transmission. This review will summarise the recent literature on DAA efficacy in PWID and people with HIV/HCV coinfection, discuss the individual- and population-level impact of DAA treatment scale-up and reinfection, and highlight ongoing and future research questions in expanding HCV care and treatment to those populations at high risk of ongoing HCV transmission.

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Risk factors for loss to follow‐up after the start of direct‐acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim Direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) have recently been developed to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Additionally, interferon‐free DAA treatment has improved liver function and reduced the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following HCV eradication. Previous studies on HCV have focused mainly on the treatment rate and the risk of developing HCC, and less attention has been given to loss to follow‐up (LTFU) after DAA treatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the definitive risk factors for LTFU after the start of DAA treatment. Methods Between September 2017 and March 2022, 296 patients receiving glecaprevir and pibrentasvir for HCV infection were enrolled in this study. The incidence of LTFU following DAA treatment and the risk factors contributing to LTFU were identified using the patients' clinical characteristics. Results In the present study, 75 patients (25.3%) interrupted their follow‐up visits. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed a history of injection drug use (hazard ratio [HR], 1.81; P = 0.017), treatment duration (8 weeks) (HR, 3.51; P = 0.0033), and age <70 years (HR, 1.9; P = 0.0422) as independent factors associated with LTFU after the start of DAA treatment. Conclusion Young patients and those with injection drug use are likely to discontinue their follow‐up visits after the start of DAA treatment for HCV infection. Therefore, these patients require strict supervision.

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Hepatitis C virus reinfection after sustained virological response in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection

HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection

HCV Cure and Reinfection Among People With HIV/HCV Coinfection and People Who Inject Drugs

Risk factors for loss to follow‐up after the start of direct‐acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection

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