Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in 50 U.S. States and D.C. by Sex, Birth Cohort, and Race: 2013‐2016

Bradley, Heather; Hall, Eric W.; Rosenthal, Elizabeth M.; Sullivan, Patrick S.; Ryerson, A. Blythe; Rosenberg, Eli S.

doi:10.1002/hep4.1457

Cited by 65 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…( 18‐20 ) A previous study showed that the prevalence of HCV and HBV infections in Minnesota are 7.8‐times and 40‐times higher in Blacks than non‐Blacks. ( 21,22 ) There are also state‐level differences in the prevalence of viral hepatitis and variation in state programs for viral hepatitis screening, access to care, and treatment. Therefore, racial/ethnic and state‐level variation in HCC incidence may improve with ongoing progress of the Viral Hepatitis National Strategic Plan goals to eliminate chronic viral hepatitis by 2030 ( 23 ) through universal screening for HCV, screening immigrants from endemic countries for HBV, and promoting linkage of infected individuals to treatment evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐Level HCC Incidence and Association With Obesity and Physical Activity in the United States

et al. 2021

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BaCKgRoUND aND aIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with a disproportionate impact on racial/ethnic minority groups. However, state-level variation in racial/ethnic disparities and temporal trends of HCC incidence remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to characterize (1) state-level racial/ ethnic disparity in HCC incidence, (2) state-level temporal changes in HCC incidence, and (3) the ecological correlation between HCC incidence and obesity/physical activity levels in the USA.appRoaCH aND ReSUltS: Trends in HCC incidence between 2001 and 2017 were calculated using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results, and annual percent change in rates were calculated. State-level percent of obesity and level of physical activity were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the correlation among obesity, physical activity, and statespecific average annual percent change was tested by Pearson correlation coefficient. There were striking state-level racial/ ethnic disparities in HCC incidence; incidence rate ratios ranged between 6.3 and 0.9 in Blacks, 6.1 and 1.7 in Asians/ Pacific Islanders, 3.8 and 0.9 in Hispanics, and 6.0 and 0.9 in American Indians/Alaska Natives (compared with Whites as reference). Despite overall decreasing HCC incidence rates after 2015, HCC incidence continued increasing in 26 states over recent years. HCC incidence trends had a moderate correlation with state-level obesity (r = 0.45, P < 0.001) and a moderate inverse correlation with state-level physical activity (r = −0.40, P = 0.004). CoNClUSIoNS:There is wide state-level variation in racial/ethnic disparity of HCC incidence. There are also disparate incidence trends across states, with HCC incidence continuing to increase in over half of the states. Regional obesity and lack of physical activity have moderate correlations with HCC incidence trends, suggesting that interventions targeting these factors may help curb rising HCC incidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐Level HCC Incidence and Association With Obesity and Physical Activity in the United States

et al. 2021

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“…As such, our finding may be alarming as poorer adherence among Blacks can lead to reduced likelihood of achieving SVR, a population who already present lower SVR rates relative to Whites 6,23 . Furthermore, Blacks and people with other non‐White ethnicities represent the highest prevalence of individuals infected with HCV in the United States 24 and not effectively treating this portion of population may impede our efforts to eradicate HCV in the country. Overall, this finding may underline the need for implementing culturally appropriate components that are tailored for non‐White communities in order to achieve health equality and reduce health disparities in the context of HCV treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rates of perfect self‐reported adherence to direct‐acting antiviral therapy and its correlates among people who inject drugs on medications for opioid use disorder: The PREVAIL study

Pericot‐Valverde

Rennert

Heo

et al. 2020

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Adequate adherence to direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is critical to attaining sustained virologic response (SVR). In this PREVAIL study's secondary analyses, we explored the association between self‐reported and objective DAAs adherence among a sample of people who inject drugs (PWID) receiving medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) (N = 147). Self‐reported adherence was recoded 3 times during treatment (weeks 4, 8 and 12) using a visual analog scale (VAS), whereas objective adherence was collected continuously during treatment using electronic blister packs. Participants who reported being perfectly adherent had significantly higher blister pack adherence in each period (weeks 4, 8 and 12; ps < .05) and over the 12‐week study (p < .001) compared to those who reported being non‐perfectly adherent. Whites were more likely to report perfect adherence (91.7%) than Blacks (48.7%), Latinos (52.2%) and other (75.0%) race groups. Participants who reported recent use of cocaine (63.9%) or polysubstance use (60.0%) and those who had a positive result for cocaine (62.8%) were more likely to be non‐perfectly adherent, although none of these factors were associated with blister pack adherence. This study showed that the VAS could serve as a reliable option for assessing DAAs adherence among PWID on MOUD. The implementation of VAS may be an ideal option for monitoring adherence among PWID on MOUD, especially in clinical settings with limited resources. PWID on MOUD who are Black or other races than White, as well as those who report recent cocaine or polysubstance use may require additional support to maintain optimal DAA adherence.

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“… 10 Bradley et al also analyzed NHANES laboratory data and found that persons born between 1945 to1965 had the highest prevalence of HCV infection, but that new infections are increasing among the young due to intravenous drug use. 13 The prevalence (per 100) and prevalence ratios (PRs in reference to > 1969 cohort) in Delaware per Bradley’s calculations can be viewed in Table 1 .…”

Section: Prevalence In Delaware Per National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CDC estimates that there are approximately 14 times more acute HCV infections than are reported, 14 and some suggest that figure may be an underestimate. 13 …”

Section: Prevalence and Associated Mortality In Usa And Delaware Per Delaware Department Of Health Reports And Centers For Disease Contromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there were 50 cases where HCV was listed as the underlying cause of death on death certificates in DE in 2017. 13 Thus, a crude estimate of the overall death rate for HCV as the underlying cause of death in DE is 5.3 per 100,000). 15 In 2015, 1200 cases of HCV were reported to the DE Dept.…”

Section: Prevalence and Associated Mortality In Usa And Delaware Per Delaware Department Of Health Reports And Centers For Disease Contromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Delaware

Kahal¹,

Rutan²

2020

Delaware Journal of Public Health

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Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is pervasive throughout the United States of America as we fight the ongoing urban and rural opioid epidemics and rising rates of fatal and non-fatal overdoses. While risk factors for incident HCV abound, our country and the State of Delaware have increasing access to highly effective, short-course, curative HCV treatments. Despite unprecedented medical advances for HCV, as well as expanded HCV screening guidelines calling for universal adult HCV screening and screening during every pregnancy, the epidemiology of HCV at the national and statewide levels continues to be lacking. In attempting to gather, interpret, and present the highest quality available data, we conclude that HCV remains a pressing public and individual health concern for Delawareans, and our nation at large. We urge stakeholders in Delaware to make concerted efforts to fill in the many remaining gaps of HCV epidemiology in order to better inform public health resource allocation, educate the public and healthcare professionals regarding viral hepatitis, and ultimately improve the HCV care continuum, spanning from increasing rates of universal HCV screening and diagnosis to linkage to care to treatment initiation all the way to cure and beyond.

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Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in 50 U.S. States and D.C. by Sex, Birth Cohort, and Race: 2013‐2016

Cited by 65 publications

References 38 publications

State‐Level HCC Incidence and Association With Obesity and Physical Activity in the United States

State‐Level HCC Incidence and Association With Obesity and Physical Activity in the United States

Rates of perfect self‐reported adherence to direct‐acting antiviral therapy and its correlates among people who inject drugs on medications for opioid use disorder: The PREVAIL study

Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Delaware

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