Hepatitis C virus infection increases the risk of developing peripheral arterial disease: A 9-year population-based cohort study

Hsu, Yuan-Yu; Muo, Chih‐Hsin; Liu, Chunyi; Tsai, Wen‐Chen; Hsu, Chih‐Cheng; Sung, Fung‐Chang; Kao, Chia‐Hung

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.09.022

Cited by 60 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, HCV infection is also associated with lower serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, which is clearly a protective factor against atherosclerosis [47, 48]. From a clinical perspective, although HCV infection has been found to increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease among HIV-infected individuals in some observational studies [49–51] and among the general population in other studies [52–60], no association has been found between HCV infection and angiography-proven coronary artery disease [61, 62] or myocardial infarction [63]. As for meta-analyses, an association between HCV infection and an increased risk of cardiovascular events (including stroke) has been found in some studies [11, 64], but not in others [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke in HIV-infected individuals with and without HCV coinfection in Spain in the combination antiretroviral therapy era

et al. 2017

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The incidence of stroke in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals has been well analyzed in recent epidemiological studies. However, little is known about the specific contribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection to stroke among HIV-infected individuals. The aims of this study were to analyze trends in the incidence rates of stroke in HIV-infected individuals during the combination antiretroviral (cART) era in Spain and to categorize them by the presence or absence of HCV coinfection. We analyzed hospital discharges with a diagnosis of stroke in Spain according to ICD-9-CM during 1997–2013. The study period was divided into four calendar periods (1997–1999, 2000–2003, 2004–2007, and 2008–2013). Patients were classified according to HCV serology. The number of HIV-infected patients was estimated based on data from the National Centre of Epidemiology. We calculated incidence rates (events per 10,000 patient-years) and in-hospital case fatality rates (CFR). The incidence of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) decreased in HIV-monoinfected patients (15.8 [1997–1999] to 6.5 [2008–2013]; P<0.001) and increased in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (1.3 [1997–1999] to 5.5 [2008–2013]; P<0.001). The incidence of ischemic stroke (IS) decreased in HIV-monoinfected patients (27.4 [1997–1999] to 21.7 [2008–2013]; P = 0.005) and increased in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (1.8 [1997–1999] to 11.9 [2008–2013]; P<0.001). The CFR was 3.3 times higher for HS than for IS for the whole study period. The CFR of HS in HIV-monoinfected patients decreased significantly (47.4% [1997–1999] to 30.6% [2008–2013]; P = 0.010) but did not change significantly among HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (41.4% [1997–1999] to 44.7% [2008–2013]; P = 0.784). The CFR of IS in the whole HIV-infected population decreased significantly (14.6% [1997–1999] to 10.9% [2008–2013]; P = 0.034), although no significant differences were found when each group was analyzed separately. In conclusion, after the introduction of cART, HS and IS rates decreased in HIV-monoinfected individuals, but increased steadily in HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke in HIV-infected individuals with and without HCV coinfection in Spain in the combination antiretroviral therapy era

et al. 2017

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“…Worryingly, some studies also suggested a significant association between HCV and cerebral hemorrhages[192,193], and a recent large Taiwanese cohort study extended the association between HCV and atherosclerosis by showing that HCV-infected patients had an increased risk of peripheral artery disease compared to non-HCV control subjects[194]. …”

Section: Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty liver is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease - Evidence from three different disease models: NAFLD, HCV and HIV

Lonardo¹,

Ballestri²,

Guaraldi³

et al. 2016

WJG

101

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Fatty liver, which frequently coexists with necro-inflammatory and fibrotic changes, may occur in the setting of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic infections due to either hepatitis C virus (HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These three pathologic conditions are associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this multidisciplinary clinical review, we aim to discuss the ever-expanding wealth of clinical and epidemiological evidence supporting a key role of fatty liver in the development of T2D and CVD in patients with NAFLD and in those with HCV or HIV infections. For each of these three common diseases, the epidemiological features, pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical implications of the presence of fatty liver in predicting the risk of incident T2D and CVD are examined in depth. Collectively, the data discussed in this updated review, which follows an innovative comparative approach, further reinforce the conclusion that the presence of fatty/inflamed/fibrotic liver might be a shared important determinant for the development of T2D and CVD in patients with NAFLD, HCV or HIV. This review may also open new avenues in the clinical and research arenas and paves the way for the planning of future, well-designed prospective and intervention studies.

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“…Another manifestation of atherosclerosis is peripheral vascular disease and, again, a population based study in Taiwan of 7,641 HCV-infected patients compared to 30,564 matched controls has found a higher adjusted risk of peripheral arterial disease in the HCV-infected group of 1.43 which increased with age to 11.7 in those aged 65 years and above (26). …”

Section: Hcv and Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus and atherosclerosis: A legacy after virologic cure?

Bassendine

Nielsen

Bridge

et al. 2017

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology

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We discuss possible factors involved in the aetiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis in chronic HCV and hypothesise that an important mechanism underlying the development of AS is the presence of circulating low-density immune complexes that induce an inflammatory response.We suggest that HCV particles may be inducing an antibody response to lipoproteins present in the lipo-viral particles and sub-viral particles -a concept similar to the more general 'autoantibody' response to modified LDL.After virologic cure some AS risk factors will recede but an increase in serum cholesterol could result in progression of early atherosclerotic lesions, leaving a legacy from persistent HCV infection that has clinical and therapeutic implications.

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Hepatitis C virus infection increases the risk of developing peripheral arterial disease: A 9-year population-based cohort study

Cited by 60 publications

References 26 publications

Stroke in HIV-infected individuals with and without HCV coinfection in Spain in the combination antiretroviral therapy era

Stroke in HIV-infected individuals with and without HCV coinfection in Spain in the combination antiretroviral therapy era

Fatty liver is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease - Evidence from three different disease models: NAFLD, HCV and HIV

Hepatitis C virus and atherosclerosis: A legacy after virologic cure?

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