Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Women Giving Birth — Tennessee and United States, 2009–2014

Patrick, Stephen W.; Bauer, Audrey M.; Warren, Michael D.; Jones, Timothy F.; Wester, Carolyn

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6618a3

Cited by 108 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Researchers in a recent report noted an 89% increase in the prevalence of HCV among delivering women nationally from 2009 to 2014, with a 163% increase in Tennessee. 3 Others have noted a >200% increase in HCV detection among women of reproductive age in Kentucky and an increased HCV incidence among people age <31 years in a nonurban setting with a history of intravenous drug use. 1,2 Likewise, in our study, 68% of HCV-infected pregnant women had a current diagnosis of opioid use disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis C Virus Screening Among Children Exposed During Pregnancy

Chappell¹,

Hillier²,

Crowe

et al. 2018

Pediatrics

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Objectives Because of the opioid epidemic, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is increasing among pregnant women, resulting in an increased risk of perinatal transmission and HCV infection among children. Our primary objectives in this study were to determine the prevalence of HCV among pregnant women and the frequency of pediatric HCV screening. Methods A population-based, retrospective cohort of pregnant women who delivered between 2006 and 2014 was identified and classified as HCV infected or HCV uninfected by billing codes. Infant records linked to the HCV-infected pregnant women were identified and queried for HCV tests and the receipt of well-child services, which were defined as the presence of hemoglobin and/or lead testing at or after 9 months of age. Results Between 2006 and 2014, 1043 (1.2%) HCV-infected pregnant women delivered, and the HCV prevalence increased by 60%. HCV-infected women were more likely to be <30 years of age (67% vs 53%; P < .001), white (93% vs 72%; P < .001), insured by Medicaid (77% vs 29%; P < .001), and have opiate use disorder (68% vs 1%; P < .001) than HCV-uninfected women. Infants born to HCV-infected women were more likely to be preterm (<37 weeks’ gestation; 22% vs 10%; P < .001) and of low birth weight (<2500 g; 23% vs 8%; P < .001). Among 1025 HCV-exposed infants with available pediatric records, 323 (31%) received well-child services, and among these, only 96 (30%) were screened for HCV. Conclusions Despite the increased HCV prevalence among pregnant women and the risk of perinatal HCV transmission, HCV-exposed infants are not adequately screened, and many pediatric HCV infections remain undetected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent report revealed an 89% increase in HCV infection among pregnant women in the United States from 2009 to 2014. 3 Notably, HCV is transmitted from a pregnant woman to her infant in ~5.8% of cases. 4 In the United States, perinatal transmission is the primary cause of HCV infection in children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Screening Among Children Exposed During Pregnancy

Chappell¹,

Hillier²,

Crowe

et al. 2018

Pediatrics

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“…The growing number of women of childbearing age with HCV has contributed to an increased number of babies born with the virus. 2 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C in Injection-Drug Users — A Hidden Danger of the Opioid Epidemic

Liang

Ward²

2018

N Engl J Med

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“…Consistent with other epidemiologic studies showing increasing rates of HCV infection in young adults, we observed an almost twofold rise in the prevalence of maternal HCV during the study period. While possibly due in part to higher screening rates over time, these data also mirror recent trends in opioid and heroin use among pregnant women and likely reflect a major increase in the proportion of pregnant women actually infected with HCV …”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 69%

Enhanced identification of maternal hepatitis C virus infection using existing public health surveillance systems

Gowda

Kennedy

Glover

et al. 2018

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Maternal HCV infection is under-recognized and increasing in prevalence. Current case identification processes are inadequate in pregnancy, even among women with prior positive HCV testing. Alternative approaches, including enhanced risk factor-based screening or universal prenatal screening in high prevalence settings, are needed to improve rates of HCV recognition among reproductive-aged women and newborns at risk of vertical transmission.

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Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Women Giving Birth — Tennessee and United States, 2009–2014

Cited by 108 publications

References 8 publications

Hepatitis C Virus Screening Among Children Exposed During Pregnancy

Hepatitis C Virus Screening Among Children Exposed During Pregnancy

Hepatitis C in Injection-Drug Users — A Hidden Danger of the Opioid Epidemic

Enhanced identification of maternal hepatitis C virus infection using existing public health surveillance systems

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