Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Viremia in Patients with Indeterminate Second-Generation HCV Recombinant Immunoblot Assay

Stankovic-Djordjevic, Dobrila; Tasić, Gordana; Dinić, Marina; Miladinović-Tasić, Nataša; Stojanović, P.; Bogdanovič, Marko

doi:10.1080/13102818.2007.10817420

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(12 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…29 Some studies have shown that high-risk populations, such as individuals who have received transfusion and sexually at-risk individuals, may present falsely reactive results for anti-HCV detection, which could be the product of cross-reactivity with other infections, such as HIV or HBV. [30][31][32] Anti-HCV testing in DBS and saliva demonstrated specificity above 90% in HCV and HIV monoinfected groups, which is similar to previous studies using DBS in chronic HCV cases 12,[23][24][25]33 and studies using the Salivette device in individuals with chronic hepatitis C and HIV-infected individuals. 19,27,34,26 25 and 75% for saliva samples 21 when the same protocol for serum samples was used.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…A study in men who have sex with men showed an increase in HCV cases in HIV + individuals, mainly due to the practice of unprotected anal sex . Some studies have shown that high‐risk populations, such as individuals who have received transfusion and sexually at‐risk individuals, may present falsely reactive results for anti‐HCV detection, which could be the product of cross‐reactivity with other infections, such as HIV or HBV …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Performance of ANTI‐HCV testing in dried blood spots and saliva according to HIV status

Flores

Cruz

Marques

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of saliva and dried blood spots (DBS) could increase access to HCV diagnosis for high-risk populations, such as HIV-infected individuals, but the performance of these assays has not been well established in this group. This study aims to evaluate HIV status, particularly TCD4 cell count and viral load, in the performance of anti-HCV testing using DBS and saliva. A total of 961 individuals classified as HCV+, HIV+, or HIV/HCV+, as well as negative controls, donated serum, DBS, and saliva samples for anti-HCV testing using a commercial enzyme immunoassay. Sample volume was modified for DBS and saliva, and an ROC curve was used for cut-off determination in saliva. Anti-HCV sensitivities were greater than 93% using DBS and saliva in the HCV+ group, while they were 83.3% and 95.6% for HCV/HIV+ individuals for DBS and saliva assays, respectively. Specificity varied from 91.7% to 100% using saliva and DBS in HIV monoinfected and control subjects. When only anti-HCV/HCV RNA+ serum samples, that is, true positives, were considered, the sensitivities were 98.3% and 100% for DBS and saliva, respectively, in the HCV+ group and 91.6% and 94.8% for DBS and saliva, respectively, in the HIV/HCV+ group. High absorbance values were observed among those presenting with HCV RNA in serum and low HIV viral load (less than 50 copies/mL). In conclusion, DBS and saliva samples could be used for anti-HCV detection, particularly to identify active HCV cases, but low sensitivity was observed for anti-HCV testing using DBS in the HIV/HCV+ group.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of ANTI‐HCV testing in dried blood spots and saliva according to HIV status

Flores

Cruz

Marques

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…False positive results showed a highly significant increase in HCW when compared with both the presumably uninfected and chronic HCV cases. The higher percentage of false positive results of anti HCV in populations with high risk (HCW) may reflect either a past resolved infection [ 16 ] or may be the product of cross-reactivity with other viral infections such as HIV or hepatitis B [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of differential antibody production against hepatitis C virus in different HCV infection status

Rafik

Bakr

Soliman

et al. 2016

Virol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an update on hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing approach, in which it omitted the use of recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) in the diagnostic algorithm and recommended that future studies are needed to evaluate the performance of HCV testing without RIBA. As Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV worldwide, we aimed to evaluate the value of RIBA in HCV testing in a high prevalence population. Our objective was to clarify whether enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) anti-HCV signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratios were able to discriminate true positive from false positive anti-HCV antibody status and to evaluate the role of RIBA in solving this problem which may lead to a redefined strategy for diagnosis of HCV infection. Our second objective was to elucidate the effects of different HCV peptides of both structural and non-structural proteins on the humoral immune response to HCV infection. MethodsThe current study drew results from 167 individuals divided into three groups: Group I: included 77 HCV antibody positive (ELISA) high risk health care workers (HCW), Group II: included 56 presumably uninfected individuals who showed normal liver enzymes, negative HCV RNA and were asymptomatic. Their ELISA HCV antibody S/C ratio ranged from 0.9 to <5. Group III: included 34 patients enrolled from outpatient clinics of Ain Shams Hospital with persistent viral replication, elevated liver enzymes, and chronic HCV related liver disease. All study participants were assessed for the presence of anti-HCV antibodies by 3rd generation ELISA which was confirmed by RIBA.ResultsInterpreting the results of both ELISA and RIBA together, false positive results were highly significantly increased in HCW when compared with the other two groups. Indeterminate and false negative results were only found in the presumably uninfected group. For differentiated antibody responses by RIBA, chronic HCV cases had the highest frequency of positive antibody response to core peptides while the presumably uninfected group had the lowest. Antibody response to E2 was found less frequently in chronic cases than Core 1, Core 2 and NS3. The specific antibody response to the different HCV peptides showed the same distribution of frequencies in both chronic HCV cases and the presumably uninfected individuals with the chronic cases having the highest frequencies. This distribution was different from the HCW. The most evident difference was the reaction towards NS3 which was the highest antibody producing peptide in chronic HCV and presumably uninfected individuals whereas in HCW Core1 was the highest.ConclusionThe HCV antibody immunoblot assay (RIBA) is still necessary for the detection of false positive cases which can occur quite frequently in countries of high prevalence as Egypt. Indeterminate RIBA results indicate a waning antibody response in elderly individuals who recovered from previous or distant HCV infection.

show abstract

“…All 4 plasma specimens of patients with occult HCV infection were also examined for detection of anti-HCV Abs by a third generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). This test has been used for confirming samples with positive findings for HCV antibodies by enzyme immunoassay and positive results of RIBA for detection of anti-HCV Abs is usually related to HCV viremia (36). In the present study, one (25.0%) of 4 patients with occult HCV infection had anti-HCV Abs to NS3-2 antigen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Candidates for Liver Transplant With Cryptogenic Cirrhosis

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOccult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a new entity described by the presence of HCV-RNA in liver biopsy and/or peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens, and undetectable levels or absence of HCV-RNA and in the absence or presence of anti HCV antibodies in plasma by current laboratory methods.ObjectivesTo evaluate the detection of HCV-RNA in PBMC specimens of the liver transplant candidates with cryptogenic cirrhosis by reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR).Patients and MethodsFrom November 2007 to March 2013, 45 patients from Liver Transplant Center of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, were enrolled in this cross sectional study. PBMC specimens were separated from the peripheral blood sample. After extraction of RNA from plasma and PBMC specimens, HCV-RNA status was tested by RT-nested PCR. The 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) genotyping of HCV-RNA amplified from PBMC specimens was performed by a standard methodology with the INNO-LiPATM HCV II kit. The PCR products of 5′-UTR were sequenced after cloning into the pJET1.2 / blunt cloning vector.ResultsOf 45 patients, 4 (8.9% [95% CI: 4.4-15.6]) had detectable genomic HCV-RNA in their PBMC specimens. HCV genotypes were determined in the PBMCs of these subjects showed that 2 (50.0%) subjects with occult HCV infection had HCV subtype 3a, and 2 (50.0%) had HCV subtype 1b.ConclusionsThis study found that 8.9 % of the Iranian candidates for liver transplant with cryptogenic cirrhosis had occult HCV infection. Therefore, designing prospective studies focusing on the diagnosis of occult HCV infection in these subjects prior to liver transplantation could be valuable.

show abstract

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Viremia in Patients with Indeterminate Second-Generation HCV Recombinant Immunoblot Assay

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Performance of ANTI‐HCV testing in dried blood spots and saliva according to HIV status

Performance of ANTI‐HCV testing in dried blood spots and saliva according to HIV status

Characterization of differential antibody production against hepatitis C virus in different HCV infection status

Occult Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Candidates for Liver Transplant With Cryptogenic Cirrhosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About