Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Vertical Transmission in 12-Month-Old Infants Born to HCV-Infected Women and Assessment of Maternal Risk Factors

Jhaveri, Ravi; Hashem, Mohamed; El-Kamary, Samer S.; Saleh, Doa’a A.; Sharaf, Sahar A.; El‐Mougy, Fatma; Abdelsalam, Lobna; Ehab, Mohamed; Elghazaly, Hesham

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofv089

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…History of VT in previous pregnancy does not increase the risk of VT in subsequent deliveries 56,57. There was no association between mode of delivery and rate of VT 48,57. More specifically, C-section does not prevent VT of HCV 46,48,49.…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…There was no association between mode of delivery and rate of VT 48,57. More specifically, C-section does not prevent VT of HCV 46,48,49. Lastly, no specific viral genotype has been linked to risk for VT 42,56.…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…No clear level of HCV RNA has been defined as predictive of VT. However, VT has been reported even with HCV RNA levels <20,000 IU/mL 48. Interestingly, one study found the rate of VT in pregnant women with undetectable levels of HCV RNA to be 0.06% 60.…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pregnant females co-infected with HIV are 3 to 4 times more likely to transmit HCV to their child,42,43,48,49 with the reported VT rate being up to 19% 5. In these individuals, HIV-induced immunosuppression allows for increased HCV replication and, therefore, higher viral load 49,57,59.…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms and Prevention of Vertical Transmission in Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Mavilia¹,

Wu²

2017

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

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Vertical transmission (VT) is the primary route of transmission of viral hepatitis in children. The rate of VT ranges from 1–28% with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 3–15% with hepatitis C virus (HCV). VT for both viruses can occur during the intrauterine or peripartum period. VT of HBV primarily occurs by intrauterine transmission (IUT). Hepatitis B surface antigen is unable to cross the placenta and, therefore, relies on processes like transplacental leakage, placental infection, cellular transmission by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and germline transmission. HCV can also infect the fetus by IUT. Both viruses also have the potential for transmission during delivery, when there is increase chance of maternal–fetal blood exposure. HBV and HCV share some common risk factors for VT, including maternal viral load, human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and neonatal sex. Prevention of VT differs greatly between HBV and HCV. There are several alternatives for prevention of HBV VT, including antiviral medications during the third trimester of pregnancy and HBV vaccine, as well as hepatitis B immunoglobulin administration to infants post-partum. In contrast, there are no preventative interventions available for HCV. Despite these differences, the key to prevention with both viruses is screening women prior to and during pregnancy.

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Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanisms and Prevention of Vertical Transmission in Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Mavilia¹,

Wu²

2017

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vertical transmission accounts for most HCV infections in the pediatric population . The rate of mother‐to‐child transmission of HCV infection is approximately 5%, although rates are higher among women with inadequately controlled HIV coinfection and in women with HCV RNA > 6 log 10 IU/mL . Universal prenatal hepatitis C screening, as recommended by the HCV guidance panel, is expected to facilitate improved identification of at‐risk infants who require HCV testing .…”

Section: Hcv In the Pediatric Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%