Hepatitis C Virus and Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinaemia

Cacoub, Patrice; Musset, Lucile; Fabiani, F; Perrin, M.; Léger, J.-M.; Du, Lijuan; Wechsler, B.; Blëtry, O.; Opolon, P; Huraux, Jean‐Marie; Pietté, J.C.; Godeau, P

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/32.8.689

Cited by 39 publications

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“…Taken together, our data indicate differential effects of HIV/HCV coinfection on autoimmunity that cannot be explained by disease‐inherent simple loss of immunocompetence. Thus, viral, genetic and possibly also environmental factors as well as duration of the disease and prevalence of cirrhosis may be responsible for the previously reported high frequencies of cryoglobulinemia, vasculitis and extrahepatic features of autoimmunity in these patients (3, 17, 19, 37, 38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis C‐associated autoimmunity in patients coinfected with HIV

Woitas¹,

Stoschus²,

Terjung³

et al. 2005

Liver International

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis C‐associated autoimmunity in patients coinfected with HIV

Woitas¹,

Stoschus²,

Terjung³

et al. 2005

Liver International

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“…Fifteen patients (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) were retrospectively selected in the neurology and internal medicine departments of our university hospital on the basis of (1) a peripheral neuropathy based on clinical and electrophysiological findings and (2) essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia diagnosed as described later. We included only the patients with positive mixed cryoglobulinaemia (corresponding to types II and III) on two successive determinations, with a serum concentration higher than 0 05 g/l.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral neuropathy associated with essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia: a role for hepatitis C virus infection?

Apartis

Léger

Musset

et al. 1996

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

102

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Background-The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been estimated at 43 to 84% in patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia in recent large series. Some of these cases have been successfully treated with interferona. The objective was to evaluate the prevalence and the possible role of HCV infection in essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia. Methods-Fifteen patients (eight men and seven women; mean age: 612 (SD 16.5) years) with peripheral neuropathy (10 polyneuropathies and five multifocal mononeuropathies) and essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia were tested for serum anti-HCV antibodies. Results-Antibodies were found in 10 of 15 patients involving either polyneuropathies (seven patients) or multifocal mononeuropathies (three patients). Electrophysiological studies and teased nerve fibre studies (in seven patients) allowed neuropathies to be classified as predominantly sensory axonopathies. Compared with HCV-negative (HCV -) patients, HCV-positive (HCV +) patients had a more pronounced and more widespread motor deficit; motor nerve conduction velocities in peroneal and median nerves were more impaired in HCV + patients, although significance was not reached except for the mean value of the amplitude of the compound muscle action potentials of the median nerves (P < 0-05); necrotising vasculitis was found in two of nine nerve biopsies from the HCV + patients studied and in none of the three HCV -patients. In addition, HCV + patients had more frequent cryoglobulin related cutaneous signs, higher aminotransferase and serum cryoglobulin concentrations, lower total haemolytic complement concentrations, and more frequent presence of rheumatoid factor. A liver biopsy performed in eight HCV + patients disclosed a range of lesions, from chronic active hepatitis (six patients) to persistent hepatitis (two patients). Lastly, treatment with interferon-a conducted over six months in two patients seemed to improve the peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions-Patients with peripheral neuropathy and essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia should be tested for anti-HCV antibodies to determine the appropriate treatment.

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“…In cases of community-acquired infection, 62% develop chronic hepatitis in the USA [5]. Recent data show evidence for the presence of several autoimmune phenomena in patients with HCV infection, such as oligo-or polyarthritis [6,7], primary Sjogren's syndrome [8,9], membranoprolifcrative glomerulonephritis [10], cryoglobulinaemia [11][12][13][14], antinuclear, anti-mitochondrial, and anti-smooth muscle antibodies [11], rheumatoid factors [11,13], autoantibodies targeting a host protein named GOR, cloned from a chimpanzee infected with non-A, non-B hepatitis [15,16], and LKM-1 antibodies in adult palients with concomitant type 2 autoimmune hepatitis [17][18][19][20][21]. Some of the events were related to interferon-alpha {lFN-«) treatment [22] or to concomitant HCV infection due to exposure to human blood products [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-muscle myosin as target antigen for human autoantibodies in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated chronic liver diseases

Mühlen

Chan

Peebles

et al. 1995

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYThree patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease were shown to have autoantibodies strongly reacting with cytoskeletal fibres of non-muscle cells. The heavy chain of non-muscle myosin microfilament was the main target for those autoantibodies. as determined by (i) cell and tissue immunofluorescence studies showing colocalization with an anti-myosin antibody prototype; (ii) primary reactivity in immunoblotting with a 200-kD protein, using either MOLT-4 cells, human platelets, or affinity-purified non-muscle myosin as antigen extract; and (iii) immunoblotting of similar Immunoreactive fragments in papain-digested MOLT-4 cell extracts, by using those human sera and antibody prototype. Autoantibodies to non-muscle myosin heavy chain were not previously reported in patients with chronic liver diseases, especially in those associated with HCV infection.

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Hepatitis C Virus and Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinaemia

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Hepatitis C‐associated autoimmunity in patients coinfected with HIV

Hepatitis C‐associated autoimmunity in patients coinfected with HIV

Peripheral neuropathy associated with essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia: a role for hepatitis C virus infection?

Non-muscle myosin as target antigen for human autoantibodies in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated chronic liver diseases

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