Hepatitis C virus and autoimmunity

Bogdanos, D.P.; Muratori, Luigi; Bianchi, Francesco; Mieli‐Vergani, Giorgina; Vergani, Diego

doi:10.1053/jhep.2000.8347

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…This is clearly seen from the Hamiltonian (13). For 1/3 < λ < 1, c 2 ζ > 0 but then the Hamiltonian is negative definite [9,15]. Note that the sign of the time derivative term agrees with Hořava's original calculation (see Eq.…”

Section: Scalar Graviton In the Hamiltonian Formulationsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Pathological behaviour of the scalar graviton in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity

Koyama

Arroja

2010

J. High Energ. Phys.

126

124

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We confirm the recent claims that, in the infrared limit of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity, the scalar graviton becomes a ghost if the sound speed squared is positive on the flat de Sitter and Minkowski background. In order to avoid the ghost and tame the instability, the sound speed squared should be negative and very small, which means that the flow parameter λ should be very close to its General Relativity (GR) value. We calculate the cubic interactions for the scalar graviton which are shown to have a similar structure with those of the curvature perturbation in k-inflation models. The higher order interactions become increasing important for a smaller sound speed squared, that is, when the theory approaches GR. This invalidates any linearized analysis and any predictability is lost in this limit as quantum corrections are not controllable. This pathological behaviour of the scalar graviton casts doubt on the validity of the projectable version of the theory. * Kazuya. Koyama@port.ac.uk

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Section: Scalar Graviton In the Hamiltonian Formulationsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…This agrees with the result obtained in the Hamiltonian formalism Eq. (15). We treat the λ = 1 case separately in Appendix A and we assume λ = 1 in the following analysis.…”

Section: Cubic Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological behaviour of the scalar graviton in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity

Koyama

Arroja

2010

J. High Energ. Phys.

126

124

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“…The apparent lack of cross-recognition may be due to the fact that the epitopic regions recognized by individual anti-CYP antibodies are significantly dissimilar and can generate individual non cross-reactive humoral immune responses. This plausible explanation has been addressed experimentally for a limited number of peptides and proved to be valid 210 . The epitope specificity of antibodies against CYP2D6 has been delineated and the major linear epitopic regions appear to be exposed on the surface of the molecule (Figure 13).…”

Section: Immune Mediated Liver Injurymentioning

confidence: 86%

Liver Immunology

Bogdanos

Gao

Gershwin

2013

Comprehensive Physiology

175

130

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The liver is the largest organ in the body and is generally regarded by non-immunologists as not having lymphoid function. However, such is far from accurate. This review highlights the importance of the liver as a lymphoid organ. Firstly, we discuss experimental data surrounding the role of liver as a lymphoid organ. The liver facilitates a tolerance rather than immunoreactivity, which protects the host from antigenic overload of dietary components and drugs derived from the gut and is also instrumental to fetal immune tolerance. Loss of liver tolerance leads to autoaggressive phenomena which if are not controlled by regulatory lymphoid populations may lead to the induction of autoimmune liver diseases. Liver-related lymphoid subpopulations also act as critical antigen-presenting cells. The study of the immunological properties of liver and delineation of the microenvironment of the intrahepatic milieu in normal and diseased livers provides a platform to understand the hierarchy of a series of detrimental events which lead to immune-mediated destruction of the liver and the rejection of liver allografts. The majority of emphasis within this review will be on the normal mononuclear cell composition of the liver. However, within this context, we will discus select, but not all, immune mediated liver disease and attempt to place these data in the context of human autoimmunity.

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“…Note that these configurations are very different from the warped EGB solutions as discussed for instance in[20],[21].…”

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confidence: 75%

Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black strings

Brihaye

Delsate

Radu

2010

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We construct uniform black-string solutions in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity for all dimensions $d$ between five and ten and discuss their basic properties. Closed form solutions are found by taking the Gauss-Bonnet term as a perturbation from pure Einstein gravity. Nonperturbative solutions are constructed by solving numerically the equations of the model. The Gregory-Laflamme instability of the black strings is explored via linearized perturbation theory. Our results indicate that new qualitative features occur for $d=6$, in which case stable configurations exist for large enough values of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant. For other dimensions, the black strings are dynamically unstable and have also a negative specific heat. We argue that this provides an explicit realization of the Gubser-Mitra conjecture, which links local dynamical and thermodynamic stability. Nonuniform black strings in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory are also constructed in six spacetime dimensions.Comment: 33 pages, 11 figure

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Hepatitis C virus and autoimmunity

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Pathological behaviour of the scalar graviton in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity

Pathological behaviour of the scalar graviton in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity

Liver Immunology

Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black strings

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