Hepatitis C Virus

Dultz, G.; Zeuzem, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2015.07.008

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Chronic liver disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide [ 1 , 2 ]. Assessment of liver fibrosis is important for chronic liver disease of various aetiologies for outcome prediction, risk stratification and selection for screening programs (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessment of liver fibrosis is important for chronic liver disease of various aetiologies for outcome prediction, risk stratification and selection for screening programs (e.g. endoscopy for oesophageal varices) as well as therapeutic decisions [ 2 ]. Non-invasive methods including ultrasound elastography have emerged within the past decade and are increasingly replacing liver biopsy for liver fibrosis assessment, avoiding the risks and discomforts of this invasive method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liver elasticity in healthy individuals by two novel shear-wave elastography systems—Comparison by age, gender, BMI and number of measurements

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveEstablishing normal liver stiffness (LS) values in healthy livers is a prerequisite to differentiate normal from pathological LS values. Our aim was to define normal LS using two novel elastography methods head-to-head and to assess the number of measurements, variability and reproducibility.Materials and methodsWe evaluated shear wave elastography (SWE) methods integrated in Samsung RS80A and GE S8 by obtaining LS measurements (LSM) in 100 healthy subjects (20–70 years). Transient Elastography (TE) was used as reference method. Data were analyzed according to age, sex, BMI and 5 vs. 10 measurements. All subjects underwent B-mode ultrasound examination and lab tests to exclude liver pathology. Interobserver variation was evaluated in a subset (n = 24).ResultsBoth methods showed excellent feasibility, measuring LS in all subjects. LSM-mean for GE S8 2D-SWE was higher compared to TE (4.5±0.8 kPa vs. 4.2±1.1, p<0.001) and Samsung RS80A (4.1±0.8 kPa, p<0.001). Both methods showed low intra- and interobserver variation. LSM-mean was significantly higher in males than females using 2D-SWE, while a similar trend for Samsung SWE did not reach significance. No method demonstrated statistical significant difference in LSM across age and BMI groups nor between LSM-mean based on 5 vs. 10 measurements.ConclusionLSM was performed with high reproducibility in healthy adult livers. LSM-mean was significantly higher for GE S8 2D-SWE compared to Samsung RS80A and TE in healthy livers. Males had higher LSM than females. No method demonstrated statistical significant difference in LSM-mean across age- and non-obese BMI groups. Our results indicate that five LSM may be sufficient for reliable results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver elasticity in healthy individuals by two novel shear-wave elastography systems—Comparison by age, gender, BMI and number of measurements

et al. 2018

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“…The resulting burden of disease presents a public health challenge for national health systems. While the incidence of new infections has declined in many European countries due to implementation of effective vaccination programmes (against hepatitis B) and prevention strategies targeting transmission through injecting drug use and healthcare, modelling suggests that morbidity and mortality will continue to increase [2,3]. Indeed, deaths from hepatitis now exceed those from HIV and tuberculosis combined and latest published estimates show that 96,000 people die each year in EU/EEA countries from HBV and HCV-related liver disease [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards elimination of hepatitis B and C in European Union and European Economic Area countries: monitoring the World Health Organization’s global health sector strategy core indicators and scaling up key interventions

et al. 2017

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The World Health Organization ‘Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis 2016–2021’ aimed at the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat provides a significant opportunity to increase efforts for tackling the epidemics of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections across Europe. To support the implementation and monitoring of this strategy, core epidemiological and programmatic indicators have been proposed necessitating specific surveys, the systematic collection of programmatic data and the establishment of monitoring across the care pathway. European Union and European Economic Area countries already made progress in recent years implementing primary and secondary prevention measures. Indeed, harm reduction measures among people who inject drugs reach many of those who need them and most countries have a universal hepatitis B vaccination programme with high coverage above 95%. However, while a further scaling up of prevention interventions will impact on incidence of new infections, treating those already infected is necessary to achieve reductions in mortality. The epidemiological, demographic and socio-political situation in Europe is complex, and considerable diversity in the programmatic responses to the hepatitis epidemic exists. Comprehension of such issues alongside collaboration between key organisations and countries will underpin any chance of successfully eliminating hepatitis.

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“…HCV screening programs are implemented for organ and blood donors as well as for patients undergoing hemodialysis, but not for risk groups such as injecting drug users, who currently represent the leading cause of transmission across Europe [48, 49]. Furthermore, the rising issue of fluid immigration patterns from countries with high prevalence such as Egypt has not been addressed yet [50]. …”

Section: Which Are the Perspectives For The Universal Screening Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art, Unresolved Issues, and Future Research Directions in the Fight against Hepatitis C Virus: Perspectives for Screening, Diagnostics of Resistances, and Immunization

Trucchi

Orsi

Alicino

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunology Research

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) still represents a major public health threat, with a dramatic burden from both epidemiological and clinical points of view. New generation of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has been recently introduced in clinical practice promising to cure HCV and to overcome the issues related to the interferon-based therapies. However, the emergence of drug resistance and the suboptimal activity of DAAs therapies against diverse HCV genotypes have been observed, determining treatment failure and hampering an effective control of HCV spread worldwide. Moreover, these treatments remain poorly accessible, particularly in low-income countries. Finally, effective screening strategy is crucial to early identifying and treating all HCV chronically infected patients. For all these reasons, even though new drugs may contribute to impacting HCV spread worldwide a preventive HCV vaccine remains a cornerstone in the road to significantly reduce the HCV spread globally, with the ultimate goal of its eradication. Advances in molecular vaccinology, together with a strong financial, political, and societal support, will enable reaching this fundamental success in the coming years. In this comprehensive review, the state of the art about these major topics in the fight against HCV and the future of research in these fields are discussed.

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Hepatitis C Virus

Cited by 13 publications

References 74 publications

Liver elasticity in healthy individuals by two novel shear-wave elastography systems—Comparison by age, gender, BMI and number of measurements

Liver elasticity in healthy individuals by two novel shear-wave elastography systems—Comparison by age, gender, BMI and number of measurements

Towards elimination of hepatitis B and C in European Union and European Economic Area countries: monitoring the World Health Organization’s global health sector strategy core indicators and scaling up key interventions

State of the Art, Unresolved Issues, and Future Research Directions in the Fight against Hepatitis C Virus: Perspectives for Screening, Diagnostics of Resistances, and Immunization

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