Hepatitis C Vaccine: 10 Good Reasons for Continuing

Roingeard, Philippe; Beaumont, Élodie

doi:10.1002/hep.31182

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Deciphering the essential role played by host factors in viral entry has led to the development of host-targeting entry inhibitors (reviewed in [18,20,145]), a class of antivirals that not only prevent HCV infection, but may also in some cases clear established HCV infection [154]. Increasing knowledge about the viral and host determinants involved in virus-host interactions leading to viral entry also provided valuable information for the understanding of viral escape from neutralizing antibodies and the design of a protective vaccine (reviewed in [160,161], which is a challenge that still remains to be addressed for the global eradication of HCV [3,4]. Furthermore, what has been learned from the study of HCV entry may contribute to understanding the entry pathways of other, less well-characterized, viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WHO has recently launched a global program to achieve HCV elimination and so far, only a minority of countries have implemented measures aiming at the elimination of HCV infection as a public health threat within the next decade(s) [2]. While increasing the number of diagnosed/treated cases and reducing risky behavior in defined populations will contribute to micro-elimination of HCV, global eradication of HCV remains challenging and will likely require a protective vaccine [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis C Virus Entry: An Intriguingly Complex and Highly Regulated Process

Colpitts

Tsai

Zeisel

2020

IJMS

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis and liver disease worldwide. Its tissue and species tropism are largely defined by the viral entry process that is required for subsequent productive viral infection and establishment of chronic infection. This review provides an overview of the viral and host factors involved in HCV entry into hepatocytes, summarizes our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing this process and highlights the therapeutic potential of host-targeting entry inhibitors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Entry: An Intriguingly Complex and Highly Regulated Process

Colpitts

Tsai

Zeisel

2020

IJMS

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“…16,17 However, related research suggests that DAAs are still at a high price, at the same time, reinfection cannot be avoided, and the cured patients still have the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. [18][19][20] Vaccine is the most cost-effective and effective measure to prevent and combat the spread of disease. However, there is not any effective vaccine to prevent HCV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of double antigen sandwich and indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus antibodies

Qin

Sha

Feng

et al. 2020

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background: The aim of this study is to compare double-antigen sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect ELISA in the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection. Methods and materials: A total of 176 samples from the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xin Jiang Medical University were utilized to comparison. All serum samples were tested using double-antigen sandwich ELISA and indirect ELISA. Cohen's kappa statistics were used to assess the agreement between the two assays, and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate risk factors for the discordance between the doubleantigen ELISA and indirect ELISA. Results: The positivities of indirect ELISA (Beijing Wantai), double-antigen sandwich ELISA (Beijing Wantai), and indirect ELISA (Beijing Jinhao) were 74.43%, 68.75%, and 73.30%, respectively. The agreement between the indirect ELISA (Beijing Wantai) and double-antigen sandwich ELISA (Beijing Wantai) was high (κ = 0.829;P < .001), and the agreement between the double-antigen sandwich ELISA (Beijing Wantai) and indirect ELISA (Beijing Jinhao) was high (κ = 0.847;P < .001). Variables associated with discordant results between the double-antigen sandwich and indirect ELISA in multivariate analysis were as follows: female (OR:1.462; P < .05), age (<35 years old; OR:3.667; P < .05), and cancer (suffer from malignant tumor; OR:3.621; P < .05). Conclusion: In detection of HCV, high agreement was found between the doubleantigen sandwich ELISA and indirect ELISA. Female, younger age, and suffer from malignant tumor were significant risk factors for the discordance. Based on doubleantigen sandwich ELISA has distinct methodological advantages over indirect ELISA. It is recommended for the diagnosis of HCV infection.

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“…3 Although several fundamental discoveries have been made over the last 3 decades in the field of adaptive immunity-mediated protection against HCV, unfortunately, they have not yet been successfully translated into a prophylactic vaccine. 1,4 This is partly due to the highly diverse nature and genetic variability of HCV, which hampers the efficacy of conventional vaccines mediated largely by B cell responses. Indeed, genetic variability is the main factor limiting the efficacy of both T cell immunity and neutralising antibodies, which are also known to play a strong role in mediating protective immunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T cell immunity to hepatitis C virus: Lessons for a prophylactic vaccine

Thimme

2021

Journal of Hepatology

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There is consensus that HCV-specific T cells play a central role in the outcome (clearance vs. persistence) of acute infection and that they contribute to protection against the establishment of persistence after reinfection. However, these T cells often fail and the virus can persist, largely as a result of T cell exhaustion and the emergence of viral escape mutations. Importantly, HCV cure by direct-acting antivirals does not lead to a complete reversion of T cell exhaustion and thus HCV reinfections can occur. The current lack of detailed knowledge about the immunological determinants of viral clearance, persistence and protective immunity is a major roadblock to the development of a prophylactic T cell vaccine. This minireview highlights the basic concepts of successful T cell immunity, major mechanisms of T cell failure and how our understanding of these concepts can be translated into a prophylactic vaccine.

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Hepatitis C Vaccine: 10 Good Reasons for Continuing

Cited by 31 publications

References 39 publications

Hepatitis C Virus Entry: An Intriguingly Complex and Highly Regulated Process

Hepatitis C Virus Entry: An Intriguingly Complex and Highly Regulated Process

Comparison of double antigen sandwich and indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus antibodies

T cell immunity to hepatitis C virus: Lessons for a prophylactic vaccine

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