Hepatitis C prevalence among the migrant population in Spain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Bromberg, Daniel J.; Amo, Julia del; Nørgaard, Ole; García-Samaniego, Javier; Casellas, Aina; Calleja, José Luís; Requena‐Méndez, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2018.04.002

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A recent meta-analysis reported no major differences in the prevalence of anti-HCV among native and immigrant populations in Spain [26]. Our results describe a lower prevalence and rate of new diagnoses of active HCV infection in the immigrant population after adjustment for other socio-demographic characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 38%

Progress in the elimination of hepatitis C virus infection: A population-based cohort study in Spain

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe World Health Organization set targets to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through detection and treatment of all cases by 2030. This study aimed to describe the progress and difficulties in the elimination of HCV infection in Navarra, Spain.MethodsUsing electronic healthcare databases, we performed a population-based prospective cohort study to describe changes in the prevalence of diagnosed active HCV infection at the beginning of 2015 and the end of 2017, the rate of new diagnoses and the rate of post-treatment viral clearance (PTVC) during this period.ResultsAt the beginning of 2015 there were 1503 patients diagnosed with positive HCV-RNA, 2.4 per 1000 inhabitants, and at the end of 2017 the prevalence had decreased by 47%. In the study period, 333 (18 per 100,000 person-years) new positive HCV-RNA cases were detected, but only 76 (23%; 4.2 per 100,000 person-years) did not have anti-HCV antibodies previously detected. Prevalent cases and new diagnoses of active infection were more frequent in men, people born in 1950–1979, HIV-infected patients and in those with lower income levels. Among patients with HCV-RNA, 984 achieved PTVC (22.7 per 100 person-years). PTVC was less frequent in patients born before 1940, in immigrants and in patients with lower income levels.ConclusionsThe prevalence of diagnosed active HCV infection has dropped by almost half over three years, because the number of patients with PTVC was much higher than the number of new diagnoses. Interventions specifically targeted at population groups with less favourable trends may be necessary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 38%

Progress in the elimination of hepatitis C virus infection: A population-based cohort study in Spain

et al. 2018

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“…Results are consistent with other studies [34][35][36] performed by a specialist and this two-step process inevitably led to patient loss to follow-up, as has been described in other studies. 39 Reflex testing could overcome this barrier, by associating anti-HCV-positive samples with a HCV RNA analysis; however, its effectiveness depends on established protocols which may vary due to differences in health institutions, governmental criteria and laboratories.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…in Europe, which described that migrants living in the EU/EEA have a disproportionate burden of HCV. In a meta-analysis performed in Spain in 2017,34 the highest prevalence of HCV was found among migrants from countries in Europe (7.1%) and sub-Saharan Africa (3.6%). This differs slightly from our results, as despite finding a high prevalence among people from Europe and North America (5.64/103 [95% CI: 5.33-5.96]), and the highest prevalence was found among people from Asia (9.78/10 3 [95% CI: 9.21-10.35]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus: Testing rate and attrition at linkage to specialized care, Catalonia, Spain 2011‐2016

Reyes-Urueña

Celly

Moreno-Fornés

et al. 2020

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver disease and is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis worldwide. 1 Highly effective treatments have been developed that not only significantly improve patient outcomes, but also prevent the onward transmission of HCV. 2 These developments in treatment have pushed a global effort to eliminate HCV as public health threat by 2030. To achieve this goal, the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNAIDS have identified several targets along the continuum of care for HCV. 3 These

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“…50 Effective priority-setting to achieve the 2030 goal of reducing the incidence of HCV by 90% and decreasing in liver-related deaths by 65% will require countries to have adequate health information systems with robust epidemiological data on migration and HCV infection. 51 However, a lack of data on the prevalence of HCV in the European region limits the ability of health systems to monitor disease burden and provide quality services to those most affected. National HCV surveillance systems have not been fully implemented in most of the European region and HCV-specific data on migrant populations are particularly lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…National HCV surveillance systems have not been fully implemented in most of the European region and HCV-specific data on migrant populations are particularly lacking. 51 , 52…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Genotypes and Subtypes in Migrants from Pakistan in Barcelona, Spain

Dopico¹,

Rodríguez‐Frías²,

Ubillos³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver infection with 71 million people infected worldwide. Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of HCV infection and more than half (52%) of Pakistani living in Spain reside in Barcelona. The aim of this study was to analyse the seroprevalence and viraemic rate and determine the genotypes and subtypes of HCV among Pakistanis living in the southern metropolitan area of Barcelona. Methods We included all Pakistani patients seeking primary healthcare in the southern metropolitan area of Barcelona from August 2011 to July 2014. Serum samples were screened for HCV antibodies. HCV viral load was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and genotypes and subtypes were performed using Versant HCV Genotype and/or deep-sequencing. Screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) was also carried out. Results Among 5877 Pakistani patients, 565 (9.61%) were screened for anti-HCV antibodies, with 68 (12.04%) being positive. The viral load was determined in 65, with 31 presenting active infection and the viraemic rate was 47.69% (95% confidence interval 36.02–59.62). HCV genotyping and subtyping were performed in 24 individuals. Most infections corresponded to HCV genotype 3 (91.67%), and high resolution HCV subtyping was performed in 18 samples, 16 of which presented subtype 3a. One subject presented HBV coinfection with undetectable HBV DNA. During the study period, we identified a possible case of HCV vertical transmission followed by spontaneous viraemia clearance in a chronically infected mother with a C/T IL28B genetic polymorphism. Conclusion These results suggest that general HCV screening protocols in patients from high prevalence countries, such as Pakistan, would be helpful to identify and treat active HCV infections. This could avoid further transmission and contribute to building targeted health policies for micro-elimination of HCV infection in specific communities.

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Hepatitis C prevalence among the migrant population in Spain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Progress in the elimination of hepatitis C virus infection: A population-based cohort study in Spain

Progress in the elimination of hepatitis C virus infection: A population-based cohort study in Spain

Hepatitis C virus: Testing rate and attrition at linkage to specialized care, Catalonia, Spain 2011‐2016

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Genotypes and Subtypes in Migrants from Pakistan in Barcelona, Spain

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