Hepatitis C infection and other drug‐related harms among inpatients who injected drugs in Turkey

Alaei, Arash; Alaei, Kamiar; Waye, Katherine M.; Tracy, Melissa; Nalbandyan, Marine; Mutlu, Elif; Çetin, Mustafa Kemal

doi:10.1111/jvh.12662

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…HIV testing is performed before every surgery, blood donation, and in premarital screening for every individual and also for registered sex workers. 7 Risk groups are sex workers, injection drug users, and men who have sex with men (MSM) 8,9 and these groups are screened routinely. HIV prevalence among MSM is high in Istanbul: a recent study reported 12.7%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV care in Istanbul, Turkey: How far is it from the UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets?

et al. 2019

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The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is low but it is steadily increasing in Turkey. In the current study, we aimed to assess the status of HIV infection management with the proposed 90–90–90 targets in a large HIV cohort in Istanbul, Turkey. The cohort included 2382 patients (2082 male, 300 female, mean age was 36.3 ± 11.3 years). Mean CD4 cell count was 399 cells/mm3 and HIV-RNA level was 576,235 copies/ml. According to the modeling by the Modeling tool of European Center for Diseases Control Software, 72 and 74% of all HIV patients had been diagnosed in 2016 and 2017, respectively (the first target). Among 2382 patients, 2191 (92%) were on antiretroviral therapy (the second target). The third target of virally suppressing those on treatment was achieved among 70.2% of the patients. The current study suggests that both the fraction of those living with undiagnosed HIV and the proportion of those on treatment who are virally suppressed should be targeted to sustain optimal HIV care. Efforts should continue to surpass the targets of 90–90–90.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV care in Istanbul, Turkey: How far is it from the UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets?

et al. 2019

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“…Studies show that the age group with the highest prevalence for HCV infection in the general population is 25 and above, but there is also an increase in prevalence in 50 years and above as well (29). In a study conducted with data from 22 AMATEM and several private clinics in Türkiye, HCV infection was detected in 47% of patients with intravenous substance use; and the majority of these patients consisted of teenagers and young adults (30). Another study conducted with substance addicts in the Eastern Anatolian region of Turkey showed that there were no patients with HCV infection below the age of 20, but 22% of those with an HCV infection were in the 20-29 years age range (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEROPREVALENCE OF HBsAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HCV, and Anti-HIV IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN AN AMATEM CLINIC IN EASTERN TURKIYE: A SIX-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION

Öner¹,

Yılmaz

KILIÇ>

et al. 2022

Journal of Contemporary Medicine

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Aim Substance abuse and concomitant infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Yet, the number of epidemiological studies regarding infectious diseases in people with substance abuse are limited in our country. In this study, the aim was to investigate the frequency of illegal alcohol and substance use in an Alcohol and Drug Research, Treatment and Training Centres (AMATEM) clinic in Turkey as well as the HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV parameters between the years of 2016-2021. Material and Method HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV tests were conducted using the ELISA technique in 6881 alcohol and substance use disorder (ASUD). Urine samples from ASUD’s were analyzed for alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine metabolites. The results were evaluated retrospectively. Results All of the 6881 ASUD’s were male with a mean age of 32.18±9.66 years. Of the 6881 ASUD’s included in the study, 4107 (59.7%) were opioid addicts; 1479 (21.5%) were mixed drug addicts; 897 (13%) were alcohol addicts; and the rest were addicts with other types of substance use. The mean age of the alcohol users was 45.33±13.03 and the mean age of opioid users was 29.90±7.13. The percentage of opioid addiction in 2016 was 71.2% which dropped to 28.7% in 2021. Meanwhile, the percentage of alcohol addiction was 13.6% in 2016 and increased to 21.4% in 2021; and the percentage of mixed drug use was 8.7% in 2016 and increased to 36.8% in 2021. HBsAg-positivity in opioid users (56.7%) was higher compared to cannabis users (2.6%) and mixed drug users (22.3%). Anti-HCV positivity of opioid users (69.4%) was found to be higher compared to alcohol (9.4%), cannabis (2%), and mixed drug (16.2%) users, and this finding was statistically significant (p=0.0001). Anti-HBs positivity of opioid users (63.1%) was found to be higher compared to alcohol (9.9%), cannabis (3%), and mixed drug (21%) users, and this finding was statistically significant (p=0.0001). Anti-HIV was determined negative in all ASUD’s. The highest rates of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HBs positivity were found in the 26-30 years of age. Conclusion These findings indicate a high prevalence of intravenous substance abuse in the 26-30 years age group in our region as well as the high HBV and HCV rates in this patient group.

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“… 8 - 11 Anti-HCV antibody mean was found as 1.1% in the studies conducted with general population in Turkey in previous years 12 whereas anti-HCV antibody prevalence was reported as 36% to 47% in studies conducted with the participation of PWID. 13 - 15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV Genotype Distribution Among People Who Inject Drug in Turkey: Findings from Multicenter and Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2023

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is very common in people who inject drugs (PWID). Studies about the prevalence and genotype distribution of the HCV among PWID are very crucial for developing strategies to manage HCV infection. This study’s objective is to map the distribution of HCV genotypes among PWID from various regions of Turkey. Method: This prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study involved 197 PWID who tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies from 4 different addiction treatment facilities in Turkey. Interviews were done with people who had anti-HCV antibodies, and blood samples were taken to check the HCV RNA viremia load and genotyping. Results: This study was conducted on 197 individuals with a mean age of 30.3 ± 8.6 years. 9.1% (136/197 patients) had a detectable HCV-RNA viral load. Genotype 3 was the most commonly observed genotype by 44.1%, followed by genotype 1a by 41.9%, genotype 2 by 5.1%, genotype 4 by 4.4%, and genotype 1b by 4.4%. Whereas genotype 3 was dominant with 44.4% at the central Anatolia region of Turkey, the frequencies of genotypes 1a and 3, which were predominantly detected in the south and northwest regions of Turkey, were very close to each other. Conclusion: Although genotype 3 is the predominant genotype in the PWID population in Turkey, the prevalence of HCV genotype varied across the country. To eliminate HCV infection in the PWID, treatment and screening strategies that differ by genotype are essentially required. Especially identification of genotypes will be useful in developing individualized treatments and determining national prevention strategies.

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Hepatitis C infection and other drug‐related harms among inpatients who injected drugs in Turkey

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

HIV care in Istanbul, Turkey: How far is it from the UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets?

HIV care in Istanbul, Turkey: How far is it from the UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets?

SEROPREVALENCE OF HBsAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HCV, and Anti-HIV IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN AN AMATEM CLINIC IN EASTERN TURKIYE: A SIX-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION

HCV Genotype Distribution Among People Who Inject Drug in Turkey: Findings from Multicenter and Cross-Sectional Study

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