Hepatitis C and associated risks in prisons: an integrative review Hepatite C e riscos associados em presídios: uma revisão integrativa

Araújo, Telma Maria Evangelista de; Pinheiro, Daniella Mendes; Souza, Antônio Tiago da Silva

doi:10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i4.939-945

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Because the prison community is a population that is still invisible in research and that access to this target audience is di cult, the dissemination of research that addresses their living conditions and health has been encouraged [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C survey among the prison community in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil: revealing an invisible population.

Gomide

Teixeira

Pereira

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Hepatitis C is a health problem in penitentiaries and its elimination must be strengthened. The study describes socio-epidemiological aspects of a hepatitis C investigation in a penitentiary in the region of Triângulo Mineiro in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods It is a cross-sectional and epidemiological survey, with an exploratory, observational, quantitative element. It was carried out in a state penitentiary with 1564 inmates. A semi-structured individual interview and anti-HCV testing were carried out between December 2019 and March 2020, in a simple random sample of 240 prisoners. Results The prevalence for HCV was 2.1% (anti-HCV test). Most participants were men (76.6%), with a mean age of 33.8 years, with incomplete high school educational level (80.5%). 93.8% self-reported heterosexuality, multiple sexual partners (mean of 6.5 partners/year) and inconsistent condom use. 54.2% had undergone a previous surgical procedure. Regarding alcohol use, 72.9% reported some consumption, at an average amount of 188.5 grams/day. Non-injecting drug use was reported by 70% of participants and cigarette by 56.3%. Other aspects were the recurrence of imprisonment (70.4%) and having the tattoos (75.8%). Conclusion The study supports the organization of epidemiological survey protocols, the construction of intersectoral health projects and the description of the prison population's vulnerabilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C survey among the prison community in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil: revealing an invisible population.

Gomide

Teixeira

Pereira

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Unlike the sexual infection route and vertical transmission, which are rare in HCV infection, viral transmission occurs mainly through contact with infected blood (through sharp objects), given the high viral concentration in this body fluid (4) .The prison population is at a remarkably high risk of contracting infections associated with confinement conditions, including viral hepatitis. Imprisoned individuals are marginalized, and the use of illegal drugs is widespread in prison settings (5) . Several factors favor the dissemination of highly prevalent infections such as hepatitis C within prison inmates.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Sharing sharp objects, piercing materials, tattoo needles, and the use of injectable drugs are practices associated with the dissemination of HCV within prisons (6) . Besides the precarious conditions of confinement, the lack of knowledge regarding the transmission of infectious diseases and long imprisonment periods result in a high prevalence of hepatitis C in prisons (5) .HCV is one of the primary causes of death due to liver disease in incarcerated individuals. Prisoners who were already infected with HCV at the time of arrest become a source of infection, dissemination, and maintain HCV circulation within prisons (7) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prison population is at a remarkably high risk of contracting infections associated with confinement conditions, including viral hepatitis. Imprisoned individuals are marginalized, and the use of illegal drugs is widespread in prison settings (5) . Several factors favor the dissemination of highly prevalent infections such as hepatitis C within prison inmates.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Micro-Elimination of Hepatitis C in the Incarcerated Population: Is It Really Possible?

Queiroz

Couras

Cabral

2021

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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According to the World Health Organization, 71 million people live with chronic hepatitis C. The treatment of this disease requires assistance from specialized physicians and a highly complex health care system. The prison population has been recognized as being at a high risk of acquiring confinement-related infections, including viral hepatitis. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a primary cause of death owing to liver disease among liberty-deprived individuals. Generally, prisons do not have adequate isolation wards for persons with communicable diseases, and overcrowding is a risk factor for this population. Besides prison overcrowding, violence, poor sanitary conditions, low socioeconomic status, social isolation, and emotional instability are factors that can lead detainees to adopt unhealthy habits that make them more susceptible to infections, including HCV, and complicate effective treatment. The Criminal Execution Law 7, 210 of July 11, 1984, in Article 14, grants preventive and curative medical, dental, and pharmacological healthcare to detainees. However, adequate hepatitis C treatment is rarely provided at prisons owing to social stigma and lack of knowledge on the severity of this condition or because most detainees are unaware of their condition. Given the multiple limitations imposed by the prison system model, implementing measures to treat diseases effectively is challenging. However, it is possible to eliminate hepatitis C in prisons in the long term through the coordinated action of public health institutions and the prison system.

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Social relations and health determinants: reflections on the incarcerated population in the light of Betty Neuman

Rocha,

Oliveira,

Dantas

2024

Physis

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Introduction: The increase in the world's prison population is recorded in the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report, with a 25% increase since 2000. We live in a society with power structures, in global scenarios, that are real both inside and outside prison and that place the population in a vulnerable position. Objective: To reflect on social relations in the determinants of the health of the population deprived of their liberty, in the light of Betty Neuman's theory. Methodology: Theoretical essay, with a search carried out between January and March 2022. Results: The living conditions of this population are affected not only by illness but also by social structures that determine relationships before, during and after incarceration. Conclusions: Social relations in the health determinants of the incarcerated population are impaired. Studies are limited, reiterating the need for research in the area of prison healthcare so that we can act on the different facets of the prison system's structure. Understanding social relations, their determinants of health and their influence on the incarcerated population and civil society is essential to guarantee the effectiveness of human rights, health care and resocialization, with a view to social development as a whole.

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Hepatitis C and associated risks in prisons: an integrative review Hepatite C e riscos associados em presídios: uma revisão integrativa

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Hepatitis C survey among the prison community in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil: revealing an invisible population.

Hepatitis C survey among the prison community in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil: revealing an invisible population.

Micro-Elimination of Hepatitis C in the Incarcerated Population: Is It Really Possible?

Social relations and health determinants: reflections on the incarcerated population in the light of Betty Neuman

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