Hepatitis B virus intergenotypic recombinants worldwide: An overview

Araújo, Natalia M.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2015.08.024

Cited by 65 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…The consequences of co-infection include genotype switch when the selection pressure changes [25-26, 43-44], and formation of recombinant virus [45-46]. Thus, the core gene of subgenotypes B2 - B5 originated from genotype C [47], while the dominant HBV found in Tibet is a recombinant between genotypes C and D [48].…”

Section: Hbv Genotypes: Their Impact On Biology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of hepatitis B viral replication and genetic variability

Tong

Revill

2016

Journal of Hepatology

311

290

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Summary Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) greatly increases the risk for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV isolates worldwide can be divided into 10 genotypes. Moreover, the immune clearance phase selects for mutations in different parts of the viral genome. The outcome of HBV infection is shaped by the complex interplay of the mode of transmission, host genetic factors, viral genotype and adaptive mutations, as well as environmental factors. Core promoter mutations and mutations abolishing HBeAg expression have been implicated in acute liver failure, while genotypes B, C, subgenotype A1, core promoter mutations, preS deletions, C-terminal truncation of envelope proteins, and spliced pregenomic RNA are associated with HCC development. Our efforts to treat and prevent HBV infection are hampered by the emergence of drug resistant mutants and vaccine escape mutants. This paper provides an overview of the HBV life cycle, followed by review of HBV genotypes and mutants in terms of their biological properties and clinical significance.

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Section: Hbv Genotypes: Their Impact On Biology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of hepatitis B viral replication and genetic variability

Tong

Revill

2016

Journal of Hepatology

311

290

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…More than half of the recombinants are B/C and C/D hybrids [8]. Some recombinant strains have even become dominant in certain populations or regions, such as intergenotype C/D in Tibetans [9].…”

Section: Epidemiological Relevance Of Hbv Genotypes In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus genotypes: epidemiological and clinical relevance in Asia

Tian

Jia

2016

Hepatol Int

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is characterized by a high genetic heterogeneity since it replicates via a reverse transcriptase that lacks proofreading ability. Up to now, ten genotypes (A-J) have been described, with genotype A and D being ubiquitous but most prevalent in Europe and Africa, genotype B and C being confined to Asia and Oceania. Infections with other genotypes such as E, F, G and H are also occasionally observed in Asia. Genotype I is rare and can be found in Laos, Vietnam, India and China, whereas genotype J has been described in Japan and Ryukyu. Novel variants generated by recombination and co-infection with other genotypes have gradually gotten worldwide attention and may be correlated with certain clinical features. There are substantial differences in HBV infection regarding prevalence, clinical manifestation, disease progression and response to antiviral therapy. Due to the complex interplay among viral, host and environmental factors, the relationship between HBV genotypes and clinical profiles remains incompletely revealed. In general, genotype A is associated with better response to interferon therapy; genotype C, and to lesser extent B, usually represent a risk factor for perinatal infection and are associated with advanced liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; genotype D may be linked with poor response to interferon therapy. Future studies with better design and larger sample size are warranted to further clarify the controversial issues and guide the day-to-day clinical practice.

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“…Over 400 complete HBV intergenotypic recombinant genomes have been identified around the world [34]. HBV genotypes can help elucidate the transmission patterns of HBV because variants have a distinct geographic distribution genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HBV genotypes can help elucidate the transmission patterns of HBV because variants have a distinct geographic distribution genotype. Overall, intergenotypic recombinants exhibit similar circulation patterns as their original genotypes [34]. Hepatitis B virus genotype A is predominant in South/East Africa, D in North Africa, and E in West/Central Africa [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and comparative analysis of hepatitis B virus genotype D/E recombinants in Africa

et al. 2017

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Globally, there are approximately 240 million people chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) – a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ten different HBV genotypes (A-J) have been identified with distinct geographic distributions. Novel variants generated by recombination between different HBV genotypes have been documented worldwide and represent an important element of genetic variability with possible clinical implications. Here, the complete genome sequence of an HBV genotype D/E recombinant from Ghana is reported. The full-length sequence was obtained using rolling circle amplification followed by PCR and then sequenced using next generation sequencing (NGS). A consensus sequence was extracted from the NGS data and underwent phylogenetic analysis to determine genotype, as well as the recombination pattern. Subsequently, the sequence was compared to recombinants described previously in Africa. Based on MCMC phylogenetic analysis, SimPlot recombination analyses, and intragroup genetic distance, the isolate 007N full-length genome is unique compared to other reported D/E recombinants in Africa.

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Hepatitis B virus intergenotypic recombinants worldwide: An overview

Cited by 65 publications

References 109 publications

Overview of hepatitis B viral replication and genetic variability

Overview of hepatitis B viral replication and genetic variability

Hepatitis B virus genotypes: epidemiological and clinical relevance in Asia

Identification and comparative analysis of hepatitis B virus genotype D/E recombinants in Africa

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