Hepatitis-B virus infection in India: Findings from a nationally representative serosurvey, 2017-18

Murhekar, Manoj; Kumar, Muthusamy Santhosh; Pattabi, Kamaraj; Khan, Siraj Ahmed; Allam, Ramesh Reddy; Barde, Pradip V; Dwibedi, Bhagirathi; Kanungo, Suman; Mohan, Uday; Mohanty, Suman Sundar; Roy, Subarna; Sagar, Vivek; Savargaonkar, Deepali; Tandale, Babasaheb V.; Topno, Roshan Kamal; Kumar, C. P. Girish; Sabarinathan, R.; Bitragunta, Sailaja; Grover, Gagandeep Singh; Lakshmi, P V M; Mishra, Chandra Mauli; Sadhukhan, Provash Chandra; Sahoo, Prakash Kumar; Singh, Shruti; Yadav, Chander Prakash; Kumar, Rajesh; Toteja, Gurudayal Singh; Gupta, Nivedita; Mehendale, Sanjay; Karunakaran, T.; Jose, Annamma; Augustine, D; Govindhasamy, C; Rajasekar, T Daniel; Jeyakumar, A; Suresh, A; Kumar, Paparaju Ashok; Sivakumar, R; John, Jerry

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.084

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…India, Maldives, North Korea, Sri Lanka, and Timor-Leste have not conducted any empirical surveys, while in Indonesia and Myanmar there were problems with the surveys [18]. In India, the prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant mothers is 1-9%, and is highly variable among tribal and non-tribal peoples [20,21]. A high baseline prevalence of HBsAg positivity may be the most important barrier to achieving the HBsAg prevalence target of less than 1% among children aged below 5 years.…”

Section: Possible Reasons Seven Searo Countries Missed the Hepatitis B Vaccination Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Birth-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus in Southeast Asia

Akbar

Mahtab

Begum³

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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The World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO) covers 11 countries with a combined population of about 2 billion people, making it the most populous of the six WHO regions. In 1992, the WHO advocated including the hepatitis B vaccine in the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) and vaccinating all infants and children three times within 1 year of birth (HepB3). Recently, the WHO advocate birth-dose hepatitis B vaccination (HepB-BD) as soon as possible after birth, preferably within 24 hours. In 2016, the SEARO endorsed a regional hepatitis B control goal with a target of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence of ≤1% among children aged ≥5 years by 2020. Of the 11 SEARO countries, four achieved this target on schedule. Out of these four countries, two countries (Bangladesh and Nepal) have not adopted HepB-BD in EPI program. On the other hand, the coverage of HepB3 is not satisfactory in some SEARO countries, including India which adopted HepB-BD but could not achieve the overall target of SEARO. Thus, it is a point of debate whether emphasis should be placed on proper implementation of HepB3 or whether a new agenda of HepB-BD should be incorporated in developing countries of SEARO. The article discusses strengthening and expanding the Hepatitis B vaccination program in SEARO countries with an emphasis on HepB and HepB-BD programs.

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Section: Possible Reasons Seven Searo Countries Missed the Hepatitis B Vaccination Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Birth-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus in Southeast Asia

Akbar

Mahtab

Begum³

et al. 2021

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…10 The above strategy has infact drastically reduced the occupationally acquired HBV infection in many countries. 10,12 World Health Assembly in 2016 through its The Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis called for the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030. WHO recommends that Hepatitis B vaccine to be administered at birth followed by two or three doses . 12 In India Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the Universal Immunization Program (UIP).…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,12 World Health Assembly in 2016 through its The Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis called for the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030. WHO recommends that Hepatitis B vaccine to be administered at birth followed by two or three doses . 12 In India Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the Universal Immunization Program (UIP). It was initially started in 2002-2003 on a pilot basis in 14 cities and 33 districts.…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10] According to WHO around 257 million people are living with hepatitis B surface antigen positive. 11,12 From a meta-analysis, the prevalence of HBV among general population was reported to be 2.4% and among tribal population 15.9%. 13 Globally, Chronic viral hepatitis is responsible for almost 1 million deaths .…”

Section: Introduction and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 In 2015, 887,000 deaths occurred worldwide due to complications related to chronic HB virus infection. 12…”

Section: Introduction and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adherence to multidose Hepatitis B vaccination in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Swarup Kumar Patnaik,

Manoj Kumar Sahu,

Trilochan Sahu

et al. 2021

IJPHRD

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Background: Globally out of 200 crore population who are getting exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), about 350 million are chronically carrying it resulting in 0.5 to 1.2 million deaths each year . These mortalities are due to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Horizontal transmission in early childhood and parental transmission at any age are the important routes of transmission. This study was conducted with following objectives.

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Chronic Hepatitis B: Challenges and Successes in India

Premkumar

Chawla

2021

Clinical Liver Disease

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About 257 million persons are infected with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) globally, resulting in 887,000 deaths annually. More than 90% of the deaths and disability as a result of viral hepatitis can be attributed to CHB and chronic hepatitis C infections. 1 The World Health Organization (WHO) approved the strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030, which requires that new CHB be reduced by 90% and mortality attributable to CHB be reduced by 65%. 2 India falls in the intermediate hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity group, with a prevalence rate of 2% to 4% in the general population. Transmission is believed to mostly occur horizontally during early childhood by close physical contact, although up to 30% of cases are due to vertical transmission. India harbors 10% to 15% of the global pool of HBV and has 40 million HBV carriers, of whom 15% to 25% develop cirrhosis and complications leading to health care costs and premature death. Of the 26 million infants born each year, 1 million run the lifetime risk for HBV infection. 3 There is population heterogeneity with the point prevalence of HBV in India estimated to be 2.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2%-2.7%) and in tribal areas as high as 15.9% (95% CI: 11.4%-20.4%). Clusters of HBV infection are noted in regions like Ladakh (12.7%), Arunachal Pradesh (21.2%), and the Nicobarese (23.3%), Shompen (37.8%), and Jarawa (65%) tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 4 Another cause for spread is unsafe injections with reuse of syringes or needles. About 16 billion injections are prescribed annually worldwide, and more than half are unsafe. India contributes to 25% to 30% of the global load, with a frequency of 2.9 injections per person. Causality can be attributed to unsafe injections in 46%, 38%, and 12% of cases in HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV transmission. 5 Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity plateaus at 2% to

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Hepatitis-B virus infection in India: Findings from a nationally representative serosurvey, 2017-18

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Implications of Birth-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus in Southeast Asia

Implications of Birth-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus in Southeast Asia

Adherence to multidose Hepatitis B vaccination in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Chronic Hepatitis B: Challenges and Successes in India

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