Hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening strategy to ensure the safety of blood for transfusion through a combination of immunological testing and nucleic acid amplification testing — Japanese experience

Yugi, Hisao; Mizui, Masaaki; Tanaka, Junko; Yamada, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80010-7

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The incidence of de novo HCV and HBV infections may have decreased substantially both in the USA and Japan, driven partly by the introduction of the nucleic acid amplification test and a more stringent questionnaire on donors to exclude blood donations in the window period of infection [12][13][14][15][16][17] . The national burden of HCV infection has been reported in Great Britain [18] , where the prevalence of anti-HCV in hospitalized patients was 3.4% and that in the first-time blood donors was 0.03% in the year 2008.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Numbers of Undiagnosed Carriers of Hepatitis C and B Viruses in Japan Estimated by Age- and Area-Specific Prevalence on the National Scale

et al. 2011

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Objective: To estimate total numbers of undiagnosed carriers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Japan. Methods: Area- and age-specific prevalence of HCV as well as HBV was determined in the first-time blood donors [20–39 years (n = 2,429,364)] and examinees of periodical health check-ups [40–74 years (6,204,968 for HCV and 6,228,967 for HBV)] in Japan. Prevalence in adolescents [5–19 years (79,256 for HCV and 68,792 for HBV)] was determined in a single prefecture, and that of HCV in the elderly (≧75 years) was estimated by the exponential model. HBV infection was determined by the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen, and HCV infection by either the algorithm or assuming persistent infection in 70% of the individuals with antibody to HCV. Results: Of the total population of 127,285,653 in 2005, 807,903 (95% CI 679,886–974,292) were estimated to be infected with HCV at a carrier rate of 0.63%, and 903,145 (837,189–969,572) with HBV at that of 0.71%. Conclusion: Accurate estimation of undiagnosed HCV and HBV carriers in the general population would help to predict the future burden of liver disease, and take appropriate measures for improving healthcare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Numbers of Undiagnosed Carriers of Hepatitis C and B Viruses in Japan Estimated by Age- and Area-Specific Prevalence on the National Scale

et al. 2011

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“…This would be attributable to successful suppressing of hepatitis virus infections and of reproduction of carriers by the national program to interrupt mother-to-baby transmission of HBV [2] and ever improving screening methods for preventing transfusion-transmitted infections with HBV and HCV [6,19] . There seem to be risk behaviors for getting HBV infection that would be age dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive results were recorded for wells showing hemagglutination or its inhibition in 6 2 3 dilutions. Donors with solitary anti-HBc with hemagglutination inhibition titers 6 2 6 had been screened out since March 1996, and those with 6 2 5 after April 1996 [6] . HBeAg was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with commercial kits (HBeAg ELISA, Institute of Immunology, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Markers Of Hbv and Hcv Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence Rates of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections among Blood Donors in Hiroshima, Japan, during 10 Years from 1994 to 2004

et al. 2008

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Objective: Although prevalence rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections have kept decreasing in blood donors, there is little information on incidence rates of these hepatitis viruses in Japan. Methods: During 10 years from June 1994 through April 2004, 418,269 inhabitants of Hiroshima, Japan, donated blood (1,409,465 units in total). They were screened for serum markers of HBV and HCV infections, and individuals who developed de novo infections were identified. Results: Infection with HBV occurred at a rate of 2.78 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval: 1.78–4.14/100,000 person-years) and that with HCV at a rate of 1.86 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval: 1.06–3.01/100,000 person-years). Residual risks of transmission by transfusions, based on the relationship risk [window period (estimated at 0.15 and 0.03 years in chimpanzees inoculated with minimum infectious doses for HBV and HCV, respectively) × incidence], were 1/243,000 for HBV and 1/1,960,000 for HCV infections. Conclusion: At present, incidence rates of HBV and HCV infections are extremely low in Japan.

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“…It is of note that proper donor selection, using a highly sensitive assay to rule out suspicious blood units together with application of quality control measures will aid in blood safety. In addition, it is important to measure the incidence rate of HBV infections in donor groups and to determine the major risk factors that cause an HBV infection in each country [46] . In 2008, an expert report meeting introduced a cutoff value for serum HBV DNA < 200 IU/mL for OBI [47] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B virus infection among Egyptian blood donors

Said

Sayed²,

Salama

et al. 2013

WJH

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AIM:To identify blood donors with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) to promote safe blood donation. METHODS:Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 3167 blood donors negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab) and human immunodeficiency virus Ab. They were subjected to the detection of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and screening for anti-HBV core antibodies (total) by two different techniques; [Monoliza antibodies to hepatitis B core (Anti-HBc) Plus-Bio-Rad] and (ARC-HBc total-ABBOT). Positive samples were subjected to quantitative detection of antibodies to hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) (ETI-AB-AUK-3, Dia Sorin-Italy). Serum anti-HBs titers > 10 IU/L was considered positive. Quantitative HBV DNA by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (QIAGEN-Germany) with 3.8 IU/mL detection limit was estimated for blood units with negative serum anti-HBs and also for 32 whose anti-HBs serum titers were > 1000 IU/L. Also, 265 recipients were included, 34 of whom were followed up for 3-6 mo. Recipients were investigated for ALT and AST, HBV serological markers: HBsAg (ETI-MAK-4, Dia Sorin-Italy), anti-HBc, quantitative detection of anti-HBs and HBV-DNA. RESULTS: 525/3167 (16.6%) of blood units were positive for total anti-HBc, 64% of those were antiHBs positive. Confirmation by ARCHITECT anti-HBc assay were carried out for 498/525 anti-HBc positive samples, where 451 (90.6%) confirmed positive. Reactivity for anti-HBc was considered confirmed only if two positive results were obtained for each sample, giving an overall prevalence of 451/3167 (14.2%) for total anti-HBc. HBV DNA was quantified by real time PCR in 52/303 (17.2%) of anti-HBc positive blood donors (viral load range: 5 to 3.5 x 10 5

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening strategy to ensure the safety of blood for transfusion through a combination of immunological testing and nucleic acid amplification testing — Japanese experience

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Total Numbers of Undiagnosed Carriers of Hepatitis C and B Viruses in Japan Estimated by Age- and Area-Specific Prevalence on the National Scale

Total Numbers of Undiagnosed Carriers of Hepatitis C and B Viruses in Japan Estimated by Age- and Area-Specific Prevalence on the National Scale

Incidence Rates of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections among Blood Donors in Hiroshima, Japan, during 10 Years from 1994 to 2004

Occult hepatitis B virus infection among Egyptian blood donors

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