Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Lamivudine Resistance Mutations in HIV/Hepatitis B Virus-Coinfected Patients

Ramos, Belén; Núñez, Marina; Martín-Carbonero, Luz; Sheldon, Julie; Ríos, Pilar; Labarga, Pablo; Romero, Míriam; Barreiro, Pablo; García-Samaniego, Javier; Soriano, Vincent

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3180314b46

Cited by 53 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…HBV genotypes A and D were most prevalent, and a similar distribution of genotypes was found in a Spanish cohort [41]. HBV genotype A is known to prevail in central and northern Europe and North America, while HBV genotype D is spread worldwide with focuses on the Mediterranean region and the Middle East [42].…”

Section: Prevalence Co-morbidities and Risk Factors Of Replicative Hmentioning

confidence: 73%

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and C virus infections in treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients

Reuter

Oette

Wilhelm

et al. 2010

Med Microbiol Immunol

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In HIV-infected treatment-naïve patients, we analyzed risk factors for either chronic hepatitis B (HBV) infection, occult HBV infection (OHBV) or a positive hepatitis C (HCV) serostatus. A total of 918 patients of the RESINA-cohort in Germany were included in this study. Before initiating antiretroviral therapy, clinical parameters were collected and blood samples were analyzed for antibodies against HIV, HBV and HCV, HBs antigen and viral nucleic acids for HIV and HBV. Present or past HBV infection (i.e. HBsAg and/or anti-HBc) was found in 43.4% of patients. HBsAg was detected in 4.5% (41/918) and HBV DNA in 6.1% (34/554), resulting in OHBV infection in 2.9% (16/554) of patients. OHBV infection could not be ruled out by the presence of anti-HBs (50.1%) or the absence of all HBV seromarkers (25%). A HCV-positive serostatus was associated with the IVDU transmission route, non-African ethnicity, elevated liver parameters (ASL or GGT) and low HIV viral load. Replicative HBV infection and HCV-positive serostatus both correlated with HIV resistance mutations (P = 0.001 and P = 0.028). HBV and HCV infection are frequent co-infections in HIV treatment-naive patients. These co-infections influence viral evolution, clinical parameters and serological markers. Consequently, HIV patients should routinely be tested for HBV and HCV infection before initiating HIV treatment. OHBV infection constituted almost half of all HBV infections with detectable HBV DNA. Due to a lack of risk factors indicating OHBV infection, HBV diagnosis should not only include serological markers but also the detection of HBV DNA.

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Section: Prevalence Co-morbidities and Risk Factors Of Replicative Hmentioning

confidence: 73%

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and C virus infections in treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients

Reuter

Oette

Wilhelm

et al. 2010

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…This is important since HBV viraemia is associated with the risk of liver-related complications 7 -9 and selection of HBV drug resistance. 34 Chronic HDV was recognized in 14% of HIV-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B in EuroSIDA. This rate is lower than in other series which included more IDUs, 35 as more than half (51%) of HBsAg-positive patients in EuroSIDA were MSM, and IDUs only represented a quarter of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of hepatitis B virus genotype and viraemia in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis B in Europe

Soriano

Mocroft

Peters

et al. 2010

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Background: Both natural history and treatment outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are influenced by genotypes and viral load. Information about factors determining HBV genotype distribution and viraemia in HIV/HBV-co-infected patients is scarce.Methods: All HIV-positive patients living in Europe and Argentina recruited in EuroSIDA (1994EuroSIDA ( -2006 were tested for serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). Chronic carriers were further characterized virologically at one central laboratory. Variables influencing HBV genotype distribution and viraemia were assessed using logistic regression.Results: From 16 505 HIV patients enrolled in EuroSIDA, 1179 (7.1%) were HBsAg positive, of whom 474 had specimens that allowed inclusion in the virological substudy. Overall 293 (62%) were treated with anti-HBV active antiretroviral drugs at the time of testing. Hepatitis delta virus superinfection was recognized in 14% and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies in 27%. Serum HBV DNA was detectable in 315 (66.5%) and HBV genotyping gave results in 170 (35.9%) patients. HBV genotype distribution was as follows: A (72.9%), D (17.1%), G (1.8%), E (1.2%), F (1.2%) and C (0.6%); another 5.9% were co-infected with multiple HBV genotypes. In the multivariate analysis, the best predictor of HBV genotype A infection was risk exposure other than intravenous drug use, whereas predictors for detectable HBV viraemia were lower CD4 counts and lack of HCV antibodies. Conclusion:A substantial proportion of HIV-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B show detectable HBV viraemia despite being treated with anti-HBV active antiretroviral drugs (mainly lamivudine). Low CD4 counts were associated with an independent higher risk of detectable HBV viraemia, which supports an earlier introduction of antiretroviral therapy, including anti-HBV drug(s) more potent than lamivudine.

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“…Our shorter follow-up time (median 1.72 years, IQR=0.97-2.44) might partially explain the contrast. Notably, although over 99.0% of the individuals in this analysis received 3TC-containing ART, the follow-up of 1.72 years was possibly too short to see the emergence of HBV resistance to 3TC and waning 3TC suppression of HBV; the previous research showed it may take a longer time to develop 3TC resistance (median 40 months) [44]. Similarly, although HCV infection was not being treated, the study period may have been too short to observe the effects of HCV co-infection on HIV outcomes in a younger patient population -approximately 63% of our study population was 30 years of age or younger vs only 31% in that study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

CD4 Recovery and Survival among Adults Co-infected with HIV and Hepatitis B or C Virus, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Duong¹,

Nguyen²,

Shiraishi³

et al. 2017

ujph

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This study assessed associations between hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HCV) and increases in CD4 count and survival among 4316 HIV-infected patients on non-tenofovir (TDF)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam during 2006-2010, using mixed-effects model and survival analysis. More than half of patients (52.4%) participating in the study were HBsAg-negative/anti-HCV-negative, 9.0% HBsAg positive/anti-HCV-negative, and 38.6% anti-HCV-positive. Anti-HCV-positive males had smaller increases in CD4 count during the first two years of ART, but larger increases between two and three years after ART initiation than anti-HCV-negative females (regardless of HBsAg status) and HBsAg-negative/anti-HCV-negative males. Magnitude of the differences was small. Overall mortality rate was 15 per 1000 person-years; HBsAg and anti-HCV status were not significantly associated with mortality. Co-infection with HBV (HBsAg-positive) and/or exposure to HCV (anti-HCV-positive) does not seem to have substantial effects on outcomes of patients on non-TDF-containing ART during a median follow-up of 1.72 years. It may take a longer time for assessing effects of co-infection with HBV and/or HCV on ART outcomes. Such assessments should focus on those with positive HCV RNA, instead of positive anti-HCV.

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Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Lamivudine Resistance Mutations in HIV/Hepatitis B Virus-Coinfected Patients

Abstract: Risk transmission group, age, and positive serum HBeAg are the main determinants of distinct HBV virologic variants, including HBV genotypes and LAM-resistant mutants, in HBV/HIV-coinfected patients.

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and C virus infections in treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and C virus infections in treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients

Predictors of hepatitis B virus genotype and viraemia in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis B in Europe

CD4 Recovery and Survival among Adults Co-infected with HIV and Hepatitis B or C Virus, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

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