Hepatitis B virus DNA in Kaposi sarcoma.

Siddiqui, Aleem

doi:10.1073/pnas.80.15.4861

Cited by 68 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Replication of the viral genome and production of the 42-nm virion in infected liver tissues are frequently observed. However, the viral DNA and proteins have also been detected in many other tissues, including kidney, spleen, pancreas, bone marrow, and circulating blood cells (16,31,41,45). Furthermore, viral genes, including both the surface and the core genes, can be expressed in cultured systems of heterologous tissue type (18,46,49).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A liver-specific nuclear factor interacts with the promoter region of the large surface protein gene of human hepatitis B virus.

Chang¹,

Wang²,

Yuh³

et al. 1989

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The outer envelope of the 42-nm virion of the human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is composed of the large, the middle, and the major surface proteins. Whereas the middle and the major surface proteins are transcribed from the SPIH promoter of the pre-S/S gene, the large surface protein is transcribed from the SPI promoter located upstream of SPIl. We liver-specific genes from human, mouse, and rat, with a consensus sequence (G/A)GTTA(A/C)TNNT(C/T) NNC(A/C). We further identified a nuclear factor present in the nuclear extracts of differentiated human hepatoma cell lines which interacted specifically with this element of the SPI promoter. This nuclear factor was similar to the rat liver-specific factor HNF-1, since an oligonucleotide containing the recognition sequence of HNF-1 could efficiently compete for the human factor in a footprinting assay. The sequence at nt -93 to -68 which was bound by this factor in SPI was termed the EINF-1-binding element. Activation of the SPI promoter by human differentiated hepatocyte nuclear factor 1, described in this report, probably explains, first, the formation of the 42-nm virion specifically in liver but not in several other tissues despite the synthesis of the middle and the major surface proteins in those tissues, and second, why only differentiated hepatoma cell lines are able to produce 42-nm-like virion particles on transfection by HBV DNA.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic hepatitis and is closely associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (4, 48). The virion has a diameter of approximately 42 nm with a 27-nm core enclosing a 3.2-kilobase (kb) partially single-stranded DNA genome (5, 49). The outer envelope of the virion is arrayed by three surface (S) proteins. The major S protein, 226 amino acids long, is encoded by the S region of the HBV genome; the middle S protein is encoded by the pre-S2 and S regions, with an additional 55 amino acids at the amino terminus of the major S protein; and the large S protein is encoded by the pre-Sl, pre-S2, and the S regions, with an additional 117 amino acids at the amino terminus of the middle S protein (25,38,47). These three proteins are encoded by the pre-S/S gene, which contains two promoters. The distal TATA-like promoter (SPI) transcribes a 2.4-kb mRNA for the synthesis of the large S protein, whereas the proximal simian virus 40-like promoter (SPII) transcribes a 2.1-kb mRNA for the synthesis of both the middle and the major S proteins (7, 32, 39).The major S protein can be produced from many different tissues in HBV-infected chimpanzees and in transgenic mice carrying HBV DNA (2,7,8,20). However, the large S protein is detected more specifically in liver and, in only a few cases in transgenic mice, in the kidney and heart. Furthermore, the time of appearance of the large S protein is coincident with the appearance of replicative intermediates of the viral genome (2,20). Together, these observations * Corresponding author. strongly indicate that expression of the large S protein gene is hepat...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A liver-specific nuclear factor interacts with the promoter region of the large surface protein gene of human hepatitis B virus.

Chang¹,

Wang²,

Yuh³

et al. 1989

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…In our determination, each PBMC from positive cases displayed 0.3-7.6 viral genome equivalents of HBV. These low values contrast with those in hepatic and extra-hepatic cells infected with HBV that have 1000 and 10-40 viral genome equivalents, respectively (Blum et al 1983;Siddiqui 1983). The paucity of HBV DNA in PBMC would reflect either the sensitivity of limited cells to HBV infection, or the variable population of HBV capable of infecting PBMC in each case.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Also documented in HBV DNA in tissue of Kaposi sarcoma (Siddiqui 1983) and peripheral T cells from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Laure et al 1985 ; Noonan et al 1986). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

State of hepatitis B virus DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from persistently infected individuals: Correlation with e antigen and viral DNA in the serum as well as with the activity of liver disease.

Sugai

Okamoto

1989

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were harvested from 76 asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 100 patients with type B chronic liver disease. DNA was extracted from cells and tested for the binding with radiolabeled HBV DNA probe by Southern blot hybridization technique. Among 34 asymptomatic carriers who had hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA in the serum, HBV DNA was detected in 29 (85%) PBMC. In remarkable contrast, of the remaining 42 carriers seronegative for HBeAg, only 1(2%) had HBV DNA in the serum, and none exhibited HBV DNA in PBMC. Among 32 patients seropositive for HBeAg, HBV DNA was detected in 28 (88%) sera, and in 24 (75%) PBMC. Of 68 patients seronegative for HBeAg, HBV DNA was found in 10 (15%) sera, and in 7 (10%) PBMC. Among 62 cases with HBV DNA in PBMC, only 1 had it integrated into the host's DNA. The remaining 61 had free HBV DNA in PBMC. Only 8 of them possessed replicative intermediate forms of HBV DNA, with molecular sizes less than 2.0 kilobases as observed in liver infected with HBV, and they all were patients with chronic active hepatitis. HBV DNA was not detectable in PBMC from 172 controls comprising 44 healthy individuals and 128 patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis. Based on these results, the state of HBV DNA in PBMC reflects the phase of HBV infection with HBeAg in the serum, and a high activity of hepatitis accompanied by active HBV replication, hepatitis B virus ; DNA ; mononuclear cells ; hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been considered, in general, as a hepatotropic virus of narrow organ specificity. Lately, however, HBV was reported in extrahe-

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“…Integrated sequences of hepatitis B virus DNA have been identified in liver tissues derived from antigen-negative or sero-negative patients with various liver diseases [Brechot et al, 1982;Brechot et al, 19851. HBV DNA has also been found in tissues or cells other than liver [Pontisso et al, 1984;Romet-Lemonnel et al, 1983;Elfassi et al, 1984;Lie-Injo et al, 1983;Blum et al, 1983;Dejean et al, 1984a;Siddiqui, 1983;Shen et al, 1986;Gu et al, 19851. It has also been shown that leukocytes can act as a cryptic reservoir of HBV and transmit the virus to others via blood transfusion [Chong-Jin and Ling-Jeak, 19841. In Taiwan, more than 80% of the adult population has had previous HBV infection [Chen, Sung, and Lai, 1978;Sung et al, 19841.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Assessment of HBV persistent infection in an adult population in Taiwan

Peng¹,

Su²,

Han³

et al. 1988

Journal of Medical Virology

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In order to study the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the adult population of Taiwan, we screened for the presence of HBV DNA in 205 blood samples from adult (20-59-year-old) volunteers. According to the serological markers of HBV, samples were divided into three groups: group I (173 subjects) was negative for both HBsAg and HBeAg; group II (14 subjects) was positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg; and group III consisted of 18 subjects who were HBsAg-positive but HBeAg-negative. Plasma HBV DNA was not detected in group I, but it was found in 85.7% and 11.8% of samples in group II and group III, respectively. A free-form HBV DNA was found in 14.3% of the leukocyte samples in group II. Furthermore, an integrated form of HBV DNA was detected in the leukocytes of two cases of group I who remained healthy based on clinical data. HBV DNA was also detected in the spermatozoa and liver cells of one of the cases.

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Hepatitis B virus DNA in Kaposi sarcoma.

Cited by 68 publications

References 16 publications

A liver-specific nuclear factor interacts with the promoter region of the large surface protein gene of human hepatitis B virus.

A liver-specific nuclear factor interacts with the promoter region of the large surface protein gene of human hepatitis B virus.

State of hepatitis B virus DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from persistently infected individuals: Correlation with e antigen and viral DNA in the serum as well as with the activity of liver disease.

Assessment of HBV persistent infection in an adult population in Taiwan

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