Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus subtypes circulating in Algeria and seroprevalence of HDV infection

Gourari, Samir; Brichler, Ségolène; Gal, Frédéric Le; Abdou-Chekaraou, Mariama; Beloufa, Mohamed Amine; Khelifa, Rim; Djaballah, Hafida; Boufekane, Mounira; Nani, Abdelbasset; Afredj, Nawel; Debzi, N.; Dény, Paul; Gordien, Emmanuel; Tazir, M.

doi:10.1002/jmv.25301

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…29,43,44 Hepatitis D is diminishing in countries with consolidated vaccination programmes. In Northern Africa, [45][46][47][48][49][50][51] Saudi Arabia, 52 Israel 53 and the Caucasus 54 (Fig. 1B) the rate of anti-HD in different HBsAg-positive populations varies between 0.8% and 11.9%.…”

Section: Hdv Infection In the Rest Of The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing context of hepatitis D

Rizzetto

Salehiniya

Negro

2021

Journal of Hepatology

108

117

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The global epidemiology of hepatitis D is changing with the widespread implementation of vaccination against hepatitis B. In high-income countries that achieved optimal control of HBV, the epidemiology of hepatitis D is dual, consisting of an ageing cohort of domestic patients with advanced liver fibrosis who represent the end stage of the natural history of HDV, and of a younger generation of immigrants from endemic countries who account for the majority of new infections. As observed in Europe in the 1980s, the distinctive clinical characteristic of chronic hepatitis D in endemic countries is the accelerated progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite some recent progress, the therapeutic management of HDV remains unsatisfactory, as most patients are not cured of HDV with currently available medicines. This review article describes the current epidemiology and clinical features of chronic hepatitis D, based on the literature published in the last 10 years.

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Section: Hdv Infection In the Rest Of The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing context of hepatitis D

Rizzetto

Salehiniya

Negro

2021

Journal of Hepatology

108

117

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“…Recently, S1 sequencing of HBV from 119 patients revealed the presence of genotypes D (86.5%) and A2 (11.76%). Phylogenetic analysis of the D genotype strains clustered them into D7, D3, D1, and D2 in 43.5%, 24.75%, 16.8%, and 14.85%, respectively [35].…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To prevent hepatitis B and subsequent HCC development, the vaccine is the main mainstay. It has been available since the 1980s, and it is the first vaccine to protect against cancer by reducing the incidence of HCC in highly [18,23] D (90.45%), A (5.9%), E (0.5%), and mixed (A/D and D/F) (3.17%) D7 (63.3%), D1 (32.7%), D4 (2%), D5 (2%), and A2 [24] Algeria D (93%), A (5%), and E (2%) [34] D (86.5%) and A (11.76%) D7 (43.5%), D3 (24.75%), D1 (16.8%), D2 (14.85%), and A2 (11.76%) [35] Tunisia D (80%), A (9%), and E (8%) D7…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries

Madihi

Syed

Lazar

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Viral hepatitis B is a global public health problem affecting nearly two billion subjects; 3.3% of whom are from the WHO (World Health Organization) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). It induces both acute and chronic hepatic disorders with subsequent liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a considerable percentage of patients based on the age of exposure. In this review, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCC prevalence, distribution and prevalence of different genotypes, and male/female infection frequencies in relation to the vaccination status in the Mediterranean countries were reported. Study Design. This systematic review describes the prevalence of hepatitis B infection, genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus, and prevalence and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in Mediterranean countries belonging to three different continents: Southern Europe (Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, and Greece), North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt), and the Near East region (Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Israel, and Palestine). We tried to collect new data from electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and public health reports between 1980 and 2019. For each publication, we recorded reference, publication year, study characteristics (date, locations, sample size, and study population), and participant characteristics (population group, year, age, and sex). No language limitation was imposed, and articles or reports from non-peer-reviewed sources were not considered for this analysis. The main keywords were HBV prevalence, hepatitis B infection, HBV genotype, and HCC. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Healthy population-based studies included the following sample populations: (i) voluntary blood donors, (ii) pregnant women, (iii) community studies, (iv) hemodialysis patients, (v) hospitalized patients, (vi) healthcare workers, (vii) sex workers, (viii) drug abusers, and (ix) prisoners. We excluded studies from the following special groups who were assumed to be at a special high risk: patients from sexually transmitted disease clinics and thalassemia clinics and professional or paid blood donors.

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“…In addition, CHB was reported as an important cause of HCC in the region [ 44 ]. Genotype D was found to dominate infections in the MENA region from various countries in different time periods [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. This appears as an expected distribution considering that the MENA region is the putative epicenter for genotype D of the virus, with widespread distribution of its SGTs in the region [ 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Proportions of Phylogenetic Clustering and Low Levels of Antiviral Drug Resistance among the Major HBV Sub-Genotypes in the Middle East and North Africa

et al. 2021

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health threat in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Phylogenetic analysis of HBV can be helpful to study the putative transmission links and patterns of inter-country spread of the virus. The objectives of the current study were to analyze the HBV genotype/sub-genotype (SGT) distribution, reverse transcriptase (RT), and surface (S) gene mutations and to investigate the domestic transmission of HBV in the MENA. All HBV molecular sequences collected in the MENA were retrieved from GenBank as of 30 April 2021. Determination of genotypes/SGT, RT, and S mutations were based on the Geno2pheno (hbv) 2.0 online tool. For the most prevalent HBV SGTs, maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis was conducted to identify the putative phylogenetic clusters, with approximate Shimodaira–Hasegawa-like likelihood ratio test values ≥ 0.90, and genetic distance cut-off values ≤ 0.025 substitutions/site as implemented in Cluster Picker. The total number of HBV sequences used for genotype/SGT determination was 4352 that represented a total of 20 MENA countries, with a majority from Iran (n = 2103, 48.3%), Saudi Arabia (n = 503, 11.6%), Tunisia (n = 395, 9.1%), and Turkey (n = 267, 6.1%). Genotype D dominated infections in the MENA (86.6%), followed by genotype A (4.1%), with SGT D1 as the most common in 14 MENA countries and SGT D7 dominance in the Maghreb. The highest prevalence of antiviral drug resistance was observed against lamivudine (4.5%) and telbivudine (4.3%). The proportion of domestic phylogenetic clustering was the highest for SGT D7 (61.9%), followed by SGT D2 (28.2%) and genotype E (25.7%). The largest fraction of domestic clusters with evidence of inter-country spread within the MENA was seen in SGT D7 (81.3%). Small networks (containing 3-14 sequences) dominated among domestic phylogenetic clusters. Specific patterns of HBV genetic diversity were seen in the MENA with SGT D1 dominance in the Levant, Iran, and Turkey; SGT D7 dominance in the Maghreb; and extensive diversity in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. A low prevalence of lamivudine, telbivudine, and entecavir drug resistance was observed in the region, with almost an absence of resistance to tenofovir and adefovir. Variable proportions of phylogenetic clustering indicated prominent domestic transmission of SGT D7 (particularly in the Maghreb) and relatively high levels of virus mobility in SGT D1.

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Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus subtypes circulating in Algeria and seroprevalence of HDV infection

Abstract: Our data indicate the predominance of HBV subgenotype D7 and a low prevalence of HDV infection.

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

The changing context of hepatitis D

The changing context of hepatitis D

A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries

Variable Proportions of Phylogenetic Clustering and Low Levels of Antiviral Drug Resistance among the Major HBV Sub-Genotypes in the Middle East and North Africa

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