Hepatitis B Vaccination Status and Needle stick Injuries among Medical Students in a Nigerian University

Okeke, Edith; Ladep, Nimzing G.; Agaba, Emmanuel I; Malu, Abraham O.

doi:10.4314/njm.v17i3.37404

Cited by 52 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…We were unable to compare socio-demographic attributes of responders and non-responders; however, the sample of this study was representative for the years of study and teaching hospitals because these hospitals are comparable for size and patient case-mix. Previous similar studies have achieved higher response rates between 42%-100% [7][8][9][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. These studies used in-class paper questionnaires administration and collection; however this method was hindered in our study by the students' geographical and departmental distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Needlestick Injury among Medical Students in an Australian University

Marjadi¹

2017

J Infect Dis Epidemiol

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Needlestick Injuries (NSI) commonly occurs in the hospital setting. Medical students are at risk of NSI due to lack of clinical experience. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and knowledge, attitudes, awareness and practices of NSI among medical students at an Australian university. We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire on NSI-related knowledge, attitude, awareness, practice, incidents and follow up. The survey was distributed to clinical students (years 3-6) of a 6-year medical program in Australia. Data were analysed with descriptive and bivariate analyses (IBM SPSS v.22; alpha 0.05). Response rate to the study was 13.8% (153/1111). Students' median score for knowledge was 3 out of maximum 6; attitude 3/4; awareness 4/6 and practice 1/2. Twenty-five students sustained a total of 28 NSI events in the past 12 months (proportion 16.6%, 95% confidence interval 10.9%-22.4%; incidence density 1.5/100 person-month); 13/25 did not report their NSI. Students in higher year of study were associated with higher rate of NSI (p = 0.02). Clinical and medical schools must address poor NSI-related knowledge, improve attitudes to reporting and provide instructions on safe handling of sharps. Surveillance of NSI specifically for medical students will provide important information to minimise harm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Needlestick Injury among Medical Students in an Australian University

Marjadi¹

2017

J Infect Dis Epidemiol

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“…1 Medical students are at risk of acquiring HBV infection due to contact with patients' blood or other body fluids in healthcare or laboratory settings. 2 In the state of Maharashtra, 85% of medical students are admitted to the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) course from various parts of Maharashtra while 15% are admitted through All-India quota. Hepatitis B vaccine is administered under the routine child immunization programme of many Indian states but vaccination coverage is not uniform nationwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional study of post-vaccination anti-HBs titer and knowledge of hepatitis B infection amongst medical students in a metropolitan city

et al. 2016

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INTRODUCTIONHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major infectious diseases without seasonal distribution. 1 Medical students are at risk of acquiring HBV infection due to contact with patients' blood or other body fluids in healthcare or laboratory settings. 2 In the state of Maharashtra, 85% of medical students are admitted to the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) course from various parts of Maharashtra while 15% are admitted through All-India quota. Hepatitis B vaccine is administered under the routine child immunization programme of many Indian states but vaccination coverage is not uniform nationwide. As a consequence, some medical students are either not vaccinated or incompletely vaccinated against hepatitis B infection. ABSTRACTBackground: Medical students are at risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus infection due to occupational contact with patients' blood or other body fluids. This study was conducted to determine knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection and anti-HBS antibody titer amongst medical students. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on medical students who satisfied the intake criteria and gave written informed consent to participate in the study. After Institutional Ethics Committee clearance, written informed consent was obtained and a structured, pre-validated questionnaire (pre-test) was administered to the participants. After an educational session, an identical questionnaire was administered (post-test). For determining anti-HBs titer (vaccinated participants) and HBsAg (non-vaccinated participants), blood was aseptically collected by cubital venepuncture. HBsAg and anti-HBs antibody levels were determined by immuno-chromatographic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results: 140 healthy, HBsAg-negative medical students (79 males; 61 females) participated in the present study. There was increased median correct response in the post-test with increased minimum and first quartile. 91 (65%) who were vaccinated against Hepatitis B were enrolled for anti-HBs titer estimation. There was no significant gender difference in mean antibody titer. 19 (20.9%) had inadequate levels of anti-HBS antibodies. 50% seroconversion was seen after single dose of hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusions: It is essential to delve into the logistic aspects of evaluating all medical students for hepatitis B infection, procuring and offering free vaccination and assessing anti-HBS titer of vaccinated individuals.

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“…It shows the awareness the HCWs of their risk status for the infection [1,[6][7][8][9][10]. The participation of student HCWs in the programme supports the need for their immunization against HBV since they are also at high risk of contacting the infection [6,13]. The presence of incomplete data on a significant proportion of the workers is unacceptable and it suggests an improvement is needed in the collection of data from the vaccinees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, efforts should be made to immunize all the workers as this ensures their protection against the virus than when not immunized [18]. The prescreening rate of the workers for HBV prior vaccination from 0% in 1994 and 1995 to 100% in 1999 to 2001 is commendable because the assay is necessary in Nigeria, a hyper endemic area for HBV [6,13] and particularly among HCWs who have high rate of HBV [5,18,19]. However, the prescreening for HBV prior to vaccination is a good course of action which needs to be maintained as it helps to determine the status of the worker in an area of HBV hyper-endemicity and thus prevents a false protection for an already infected worker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%