Hepatitis B infection prevention: Audit of selected healthcare facilities in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana

Efua, Senoo-Dogbey Vivian; Armah, Deborah; Wuaku, Delali Adwoa

doi:10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100284

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, apart from receiving training in blood-borne infection prevention, other structural barriers within the healthcare environment could have contributed to the failure to adhere to the 3-dose regimen. These structural barriers may include the unavailability of HBV vaccines in the facility, the absence of occupational health and safety programs to drive HCWs vaccination programs [ 40 ], lack of commitment and support from facility management, and poor coordination of infection prevention programs [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Completion of three-dose hepatitis B vaccination cycle and associated factors among health care workers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Senoo-Dogbey,

Anto,

Quansah

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine coupled with the awareness of the potential risk of Healthcare Workers acquiring Hepatitis B Virus infection, some HCWs never get vaccinated. Generally, hepatitis B vaccination coverage globally is below the expected level as adherence has remained poor in various healthcare settings, especially in developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the completion of a three-dose Hepatitis B virus vaccination cycle and associated factors among healthcare workers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Methods and materials An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted and included 363 healthcare workers selected using probability sampling procedures. The participants were recruited from five facilities within the Greater Accra Region in the first half of 2018. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data which was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The proportion of healthcare workers receiving the recommended 3 doses of the hepatitis vaccine was computed. The multivariable analysis procedure identified the factors associated with adherence to the receipt of three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine. Odds ratios were estimated with corresponding confidence intervals with the level of significance set at 0.05. Results A total of 340 sample units were included in the analysis. Most of the participants (252/340, 74.1%) were females, mainly nurses/midwives (162/340, 47.6%) with a mean age of 34.5 (SD ±7.7). A high proportion of the participants (82.7%) have tertiary/post-tertiary level education and ever participated in at least one training workshop on the prevention of blood-borne infections (80.6%). Overall vaccination uptake was 60.9% (207/340) (95% CI = 55.7%-66.1%). Complete vaccination coverage (three doses) was 46.8% (159/340). High-risk perception (AOR = 4.0; 95% CI = 1.3–12.5), and previous training in infection prevention (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.1–7.5) were significantly associated with adherence to receipt of three doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusion Adherence to three-dose hepatitis B vaccination cycles is not universal among the healthcare workers in the Greater Accra Region. Receipt of the three-dose regimen is significantly associated with high-risk perception and attendance of training in infectious disease prevention. Interventions to increase risk perception and training in the prevention of blood-borne infections could improve adherence to complete/full vaccination protocol among healthcare workers who are at constant risk of exposure to the hepatitis B virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HCWs vaccination programs [40], lack of commitment and support from facility management, and poor coordination of infection prevention programs [41].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Completion of three-dose hepatitis B vaccination cycle and associated factors among health care workers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Senoo-Dogbey,

Anto,

Quansah

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…This is not surprising because in Ghana, and many African countries, HCWs arrange for their own HBV vaccination and bear the cost of the vaccines. Onsite or facility-led HBV vaccination programs are not always available [50] hence HCWs follow erratic vaccination schedules which are contrary to the recommended 0,1,6 vaccination schedules which have implications for the development of antibodies and immunity against HBV. The CDC observed that longer intervals between the last two HBV vaccine doses might affect antibody levels and therefore increase the risk of acquisition of HBV infection among persons who have a delayed response to the HBV vaccination [41] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the three-component Hepatitis B virus vaccination protocol among healthcare workers in hepatitis B virus endemic settings in Ghana

Vivian Efua,

Delali Adwoa,

Adiza Atoko

2024

Vaccine: X

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“…Participants in the present study further reported difficulties obtaining access to the HBV vaccine and immunoglobulin. This is because, in Ghana, HBIG and monovalent HBV vaccines are not stocked in all health facilities (Senoo-Dogbey et al, 2023 ). The HepB-BD and HBIG are acquired through middlemen who may not be reached or may not be able to deliver the vaccine on time when needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘We are willing, but we have challenges’: Qualitative enquiry on midwives’ views on factors influencing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B program

Mumuni Atoko,

Naab,

Adjei

et al. 2024

SAGE Open Nursing

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Introduction Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B infection is one of the major routes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Africa. Amusingly, Africa is the only region yet to meet the World Health Organization's target of reducing the prevalence of HBV infection to less than 1% among children under 5 years of age by 2020. In Ghana, little has been documented about midwives’ views on the factors impacting the successful implementation of mother-to-child transmission via HBV prevention programs. Objective This study explored midwives’ views on the challenges associated with the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV infection in the La-Nkwantanang municipality. Methods The study adopted an exploratory descriptive qualitative design and involved 14 midwives who were purposively recruited from a primary-level health facility in the La-Nkwantanang Municipality, Accra. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted using an in-depth interview guide. The data were content analyzed using the six steps recommended by Braun and Clark. Results Three main themes, namely, health professional or midwife factors and patient and health facility factors, negatively impacted the prevention of maternal-to-child transmission program. The five subthemes identified in this study included lack of awareness, financial constraints, and unavailability of logistics and protocols. The study recognized that midwives face many challenges even though they have a strong desire to prevent vertical transmission of HBV. Conclusion The implementation of a mother-to-child transmission program is negatively impacted by many intrinsic, client, and health facility factors. Midwives who act as major stakeholders need to be periodically trained on the components and protocols for managing pregnant women living with HBV. The necessary logistics and management protocols need to be urgently provided. The skills and education obtained from the training will empower midwives to be knowledgeable about how to deliver quality care and provide education and support for HBV-infected pregnant women. The provision of logistics needed for the successful implementation of the program could avert delays associated with the administration of the hepatitis B birth dose vaccine and immunoglobulin to exposed newborns.

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Hepatitis B infection prevention: Audit of selected healthcare facilities in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Completion of three-dose hepatitis B vaccination cycle and associated factors among health care workers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Completion of three-dose hepatitis B vaccination cycle and associated factors among health care workers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Adherence to the three-component Hepatitis B virus vaccination protocol among healthcare workers in hepatitis B virus endemic settings in Ghana

‘We are willing, but we have challenges’: Qualitative enquiry on midwives’ views on factors influencing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B program

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