Hepatitis B Immunisation amongst doctors and laboratory personnel in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Khan, Feroza; Ross, Andrew

doi:10.4102/phcfm.v5i1.452

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In developing countries, 40–60% of HBV infections in HCWs were attributed to professional hazards [ 18 ]. Health care workers are vulnerable to contaminated sharp injuries which constitute a major source of hepatitis B infection, with an estimated 66,000 cases and 261 deaths annually in developing countries [ 19 , 20 ]. Further, about half of African HCWs are occupationally exposed to blood and body fluids [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Atlaw

Sahiledengle

Tariku

2021

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background Healthcare workers are at risk of acquiring hepatitis B and C virus infections through patients’ blood and bodily fluids exposure. So far, there is no pooled data that shows the prevalence of HBV and HCV among health care workers in Africa. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections among health care workers in Africa. Methods Studies reporting the prevalence of HBV and HCV were identified from major databases and gray literature. PubMed, CINAHL, POPLINE, ScienceDirect, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and C among health care workers in Africa. The heterogeneity of studies was assessed using Cochran Q statistics and I2 tests. Publication bias was assessed using Begg’s tests. Result In total, 1885 articles were retrieved, and 44 studies met the inclusion criteria and included in the final analysis. A total of 17,510 healthcare workers were included. The pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among health care workers in Africa is estimated to be 6.81% (95% CI 5.67–7.95) with a significant level of heterogeneity (I2 = 91.6%; p < 0.001). While the pooled prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection using the random-effects model was 5.58% (95% CI 3.55–7.61) with a significant level of heterogeneity (I2 = 95.1%; p < 0.001). Conclusion Overall, one in fifteen and more than one in twenty healthcare workers were infected by HBV and HCV, respectively. The high burden of HBV and HCV infections remains a significant problem among healthcare workers in Africa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Atlaw

Sahiledengle

Tariku

2021

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…Occupational hazards in health facilities in Zambia are high with sharps injury rate per worker at 1.3 injuries per annum [ 10 ]. Despite the fact that infection is preventable through vaccination and post-prophylactic exposure, HCWs are unaware of the risks of HBV infection and appropriate preventative measures [ 11 ]. It is estimated that the prevalence of HBV in Zambia is at 12% in the general population which is amongst the highest in the world [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and the determinants of vaccination among health care workers in selected health facilities in Lusaka district, Zambia: an exploratory study

Mungandi

Makasa

Musonda

2017

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

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BackgroundHepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver and causes both acute and chronic disease. It is transmitted through contact with an infected person’s bodily fluids. It is an occupational hazard for healthcare workers and can be prevented by the administration of a vaccine. It is recommended that healthcare workers be vaccinated against vaccine preventable diseases including hepatitis B. The study objective was to determine the prevalence and determinants of hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers in selected health facilities in Lusaka.MethodsThe study took place in seven health facilities across Lusaka district in Zambia. A total sample size of 331 healthcare workers was selected of which; 90 were nurses, 88 were doctors, 86 were laboratory personnel and 67 were general workers. A self-administered structured questionnaire was given to a total of 331 healthcare workers. Investigator led stepwise approach was used to select the best predictor variables in a multiple logistic regression model and all analyses were performed using STATA software, version 12.1 SE (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA).ResultsOnly 64(19.3%) of the healthcare workers were vaccinated against hepatitis B, with 35 (54.7%) of these being fully vaccinated and 29 (45.3%) partially vaccinated. Analysis showed that; age of the healthcare worker, sharp injuries per year and training in infection control were the variables that were statistically significant in predicting a healthcare worker’s vaccination status.ConclusionIt is reassuring to learn that healthcare workers have knowledge regarding hepatitis B and the vaccine and are willing to be vaccinated against it. Health institutions should bear the cost for vaccinating staff and efforts should be made for appropriate health education regarding hepatitis B infection and its prevention. Establishment of policies on compulsory hepatitis B vaccination for healthcare workers in Zambia is recommended.

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“…Khan and Rose reported in a study conducted in South Africa that the most cost-effective way to prevent and control hepatitis B is through exposure to vaccine and the perception that the vaccine is safe and effective and can protect for a lifetime [ 28 ]. Similarly, a study conducted in the informal settlement of Kampala indicated that having the belief that the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in the prevention of HBV infection influenced uptake of HBV vaccines [ 29 ]. Therefore, availability of the medical supplies, the willingness of the healthcare workers to screen, vaccinate and refer patients for treatment, coupled with the positive perception of pregnant mothers promoted integration of HBC, HCV and HIV in the health facilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and facilitators of integrated hepatitis B, C, and HIV screening among pregnant mothers and their newborns attending maternal and newborn clinics in Koboko District, Uganda: A qualitative inquiry of providers’ perspective

Alege,

Oyore,

Nanyonga

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background HIV and HBV remain significant public health challenges characterized by high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, especially among women of reproductive age in Uganda. However, both HIV and HBV patients are managed in separate clinics with separate staff even though they all receive ART. Patients with HBV do not receive routine counselling and education, and there are limited resources for laboratory investigation coupled with a high loss to follow-up. This study set out to “assess barriers and facilitators of integrated viral hepatitis B C and HIV care model to optimize screening uptake among mothers and newborns at health facilities in Koboko District, west Nile sub-region, Uganda”. Methods A cross-sectional grounded theory qualitative approach was employed in an institutional setting (HC IIIs). Data was audio recorded using a recording device during the key informant interviews and was transcribed after all interviews were conducted. Data was then analyzed using framework analysis. Results The following facilitated integration: High prevalence, and therefore burden of hepatitis B infection in West Nile region, team spirit by the health workers, reduced long waiting time, availability of medical products such as HBV and HCV test kits, integration of HBV and HIV into HMIS2 form and availability of support from implementing partners such as Infectious Dease Institute which offered mentorship and training on integration and support supervision. Conclusion Barriers to integration included; knowledge gap among health care workers, lack of transport for patients, language barriers during health education, inadequate human resources for health, stock-out of testing kits for HBV and HCV, lack of HMIS 2 column to capture HCV data, lack of funds to facilitate follow up of patients after referral for further investigation upon suspected cases of HBV and HCV. The study participants recommended; Promoting the integration of HBV, HCV, and HIV into routine health services; ensuring a constant supply of HBV, and HCV test kits to avoid stock-out; Engaging VHTs/Community health volunteers to support follow-up of patients and conducting health care workers performance reviews; addressing the issue of inadequate human resource; and finally dealing with misconceptions at community level about HBV and HCV diseases which hinder access to services.

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Hepatitis B Immunisation amongst doctors and laboratory personnel in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and the determinants of vaccination among health care workers in selected health facilities in Lusaka district, Zambia: an exploratory study

Barriers and facilitators of integrated hepatitis B, C, and HIV screening among pregnant mothers and their newborns attending maternal and newborn clinics in Koboko District, Uganda: A qualitative inquiry of providers’ perspective

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