Hepatitis-B Antigen in Saliva and Semen

Heathcote, Jenny; Cameron, C.H.; Dane, D. S.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92289-2

Cited by 202 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It has been previously suggested that transmission of type B hepatitis might occur as a result of oral contact with HBsAg-positive saliva (Ward et al 1972;Orga, 1973;Heathcote et al 1974; Villarejos et at. 1974; Kistler et al 1973;Irwin et at.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been reported in saliva (Ward et al 1972;Orga, 1973; Heathcote, Cameron & Dane, 1974;Villarejos et al 1974; Kistler, Sonnabend & Krech, 1973;Irwin et al 1975;Feinman et al 1975) and it has been suggested that this secretion may be a vehicle for viral hepatitis, type B transmission. Three studies have reported the transmission of viral hepatitis, type B to a human (MacQuarrie, Forghani & Wolochow, 1974), gibbons (Bancroft et al 1977) and chimpanzees (Alter et al 1977) after subcutaneous or intravenous injections of saliva containing HBsAg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential risk of salivary-mediated viral hepatitis type B transmission from oral exposure to fomites

Osterholm

Max

Hanson

et al. 1979

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYTwelve grade school and junior high school students had oral exposures to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive saliva via contact with contaminated musical instruments. The 12 exposed students and 18 students who served as age and sex matched controls were tested for the presence of HBsAg and antibody to the hepatitis surface antigen (anti-HBs) at 2 weeks, 8 weeks and 6 months after exposure. All students were negative for HBsAg and anti-HBs on all dates tested and reported no illness during that time suggestive of viral hepatitis. There was no evidence of viral hepatitis, type B transmission from the exposure. The students probably experienced the maximum possible oral exposure from direct or fomites contact, since there was no cleaning of the musical instruments between use by the students and teacher. Based on these results, the risk of transmission of viral hepatitis, type B from oral contact with fomites is unlikely.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential risk of salivary-mediated viral hepatitis type B transmission from oral exposure to fomites

Osterholm

Max

Hanson

et al. 1979

J. Hyg.

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“…Hepatitis B was considered to be present when the serum was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HB.Ag) by reverse passive haemagglutination (RPHA) or electrophoresis (Craske et al 1975) (Chrystie, Islam, Banatvala & Cayzer, 1974) and electrophoresis as previously described (Craske et al 1975). Anti-HB8 was estimated by PHA (Vyas & Shulman, 1970) (Heathcote, Cameron & Dane, 1974). RIA tests for Anti-HB8 were performed using the Ausab RIA technique (Abbott Laboratories Inc.).…”

Section: Definition Of Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At Bournemouth no case of jaundice occurred in the year preceding the first use of Brand 'L', whereas 6 cases of jaundice were observed during the 6 months after its introduction (Craske et al 1975 (Heathcote et al 1974).…”

Section: Definition Of Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial factor VIII associated hepatitis, 1974–75, in the United Kingdom: a retrospective survey

Craske

Kirk²,

Cohen

et al. 1978

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYA retrospective survey of transfusion hepatitis associated with a brand of commercial Factor VIII was carried out in 24 Haemophilia Centres from January 1974 until December 1975. Of 371 patients who were transfused with this product, and were followed up, 78 cases of hepatitis affecting 66 patients were found (17-7 %). Two types of hepatitis were observed: hepatitis B and non-B hepatitis, the latter with an incubation period of between 8 and 60 days. Twelve patients contracted two types of hepatitis, non-B followed by hepatitis B. Only one patient died after contracting hepatitis B. Four of the suspect batches of concentrate were found to be positive for HB.Ag by radioimmunoasay.There was evidence that the presence of hepatitis B surface antibody in a patient's serum prior to exposure was amsociated with immunity to hepatitis B. Evidence was presented suggesting that the non-B hepatitis observed was not due to hepatitis A. The factors affecting the incidence of transfusion hepatitis in haemophiliacs were discussed.

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“…Particularly confusing at present is the role played by sexual contact in the spread of the hepatitis-B virus (HBV). HBsAg has been demonstrated in the semen (Heathcote et al, 1974;Linnemann and Goldberg, 1974) and vaginal secretions (Darani and Gerber, 1974) of individuals with HBs antigenaemia. However, while an increased prevalence of HBsAg and its specific antibody (antiHBs) has consistently been found in the sera of patients attending venereal disease clinics (Fulford et al, 1973;Jeffries et al, 1973;Szmuness et al, 1975;Vranckx, 1975), studies in prostitutes have yielded conflicting results (Adam et al, 1974;Papaevangelou et al, 1974;Frosner et al, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody in Black and White patients with venereal diseases.

Schneider¹,

King²,

Macnab³

et al. 1977

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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SUMMARY The prevalence of both the hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its specific antibody (anti-HBs) was significantly greater in the sera of White patients suffering from sexually transmitted diseases than that in White blood donors. However, Black patients with venereal diseases did not show an increased prevalence of either HBsAg or anti-HBs. These findings support the view that heterosexual transmission of the hepatitis-B virus is less likely to occur in populations in whom this infection is largely acquired before the age of sexual maturity.

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Hepatitis-B Antigen in Saliva and Semen

Cited by 202 publications

References 12 publications

Potential risk of salivary-mediated viral hepatitis type B transmission from oral exposure to fomites

Potential risk of salivary-mediated viral hepatitis type B transmission from oral exposure to fomites

Commercial factor VIII associated hepatitis, 1974–75, in the United Kingdom: a retrospective survey

Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody in Black and White patients with venereal diseases.

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