Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Prevalence and Treatment Referral Among Asian Americans Undergoing Community-Based Hepatitis Screening

Hwang, Jessica P.; Mohseni, Mahfam; Gor, Beverly; Wen, Sijin; Guerrero, Heather; Vierling, John M.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2009.162776

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This rate of presence of anti-HBc was much higher than the national average (5, 6), but comparable to the results found from other studies of Asian immigrants (9,10) and studies of individuals from HBV-endemic Asian countries (20,21). Our finding indicates that Asian Americans are substantially more likely to have been exposed to HBV than the general U.S. population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Having information on antiHBc allows us to identify past infection or vaccination history, so that we can assess the population's current status or need and so that we can help public health professionals plan for educational programs or behavioral interventions. Furthermore, our study reports results from a larger and more diverse sample size than most studies done on Asian Americans with serological tests (7,9,10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Meanwhile, studies have found that the rate of infection is at least three times higher among Asian Americans, at 19% among foreignborn college students (7); 34% in large Asian American community screening data (8); 43% in a refugee population from Asia (9); and 53% in a community health fair screening (10). Based on these numbers, it appears that foreign-born Asian Americans are commonly exposed to HBV prior to coming to America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among Foreign-Born Asian Americans in the U.S.

et al. 2017

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This study reports hepatitis B serologic test results among foreign-born Asian Americans. In 2013 -2014, a sample of foreignborn Asian American adults, (≥ 18 years of age) were drawn from community-based organizations in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. Hepatitis B screening tests were administered, including tests for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc. Among total of 600 people who completed screening, 33 (5.5%) tested positive for HBsAg, indicating chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. About 44% (n = 263) tested positive for anti-HBc, indicating a previous exposure to HBV. Asian Americans from Vietnam (53.2%) had the highest exposure to HBV, followed by Asian Americans from Korea (43.4%) and China (34.8%) (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, gender, age, education, and family history of HBV infection were associated with previous exposure to HBV infection. The prevalence of anti-HBc (44%) in our study group was much higher than that of a nationally representative sample in the NHANES study (6%), indicating that there is higher incidence of HBV in foreign-born Asian Americans than the general U.S. population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among Foreign-Born Asian Americans in the U.S.

et al. 2017

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“…In Vietnam, the estimated prevalence of chronic HCV ranged from 1% in the low risk general population to 87% in the high risk drug injection population (5), which showed the importance of assessing the prevalence of HCV infection among immigrants from Vietnam. However, there are only a few studies that have examined the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Vietnamese Americans (VAs), with the prevalence ranging from 2.2% to 15.4% (6,7). Little is known regarding the sociodemographic profile of those infected with the hepatitis B and C virus among VAs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic Characteristics, Knowledge and Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis Infection Among Vietnamese Americans at Community Screenings

Strong

Hur²,

Kim

et al. 2014

J Immigrant Minority Health

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Few studies have investigated the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C virus (HCV) infection among Vietnamese Americans (VAs). The purpose of this paper is to assess the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection, identify the sociodemographic characteristics of the HBV infected population and the level of HBV knowledge among VAs in the Baltimore-Washington-Metropolitan-Areas with data from a health fair in 2011. A total of 617 VAs received serological testing for HBV and HCV, and 329 completed a survey of HBV knowledge assessment. About 9% were infected with HBV and 5% with HCV. VAs younger than 30 years had the highest HBV prevalence (13.1%) followed by those age 41–50 years (12.1%). The prevalence of HCV infection was particularly higher among those older than 70 years old (13.9%). Misunderstanding HBV as a food-borne disease is prevalent among VAs. Efforts to develop public health screening and education programs targeting this population are warranted.

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“…Nonintegrated screening programs in low HCV-prevalence countries (≤2%) [23,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123].…”

Section: Additional Filementioning

confidence: 99%

988 Outcomes of Hepatitis C Screening Programs Targeted at Risk Groups Hidden in the General Population: A Systematic Review

Urbanus¹,

Zuure²,

Langendam³

et al. 2013

Journal of Hepatology

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Background: Effective screening programs are urgently needed to provide undiagnosed hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals with therapy. This systematic review of characteristics and outcomes of screening programs for HCV focuses on strategies to identify HCV risk groups hidden in the general population. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for articles published between 1991-2010, including studies that screened the general population using either a newly developed (nonintegrated) screening program or one integrated in existing health care facilities. Look-back studies, prevalence studies, and programs targeting high-risk groups in care (e.g., current drug users) were excluded. Results: After reviewing 7052 studies, we identified 67 screening programs: 24 nonintegrated; 41 programs integrated in a variety of health care facilities (e.g., general practitioner); and 2 programs with both integrated and nonintegrated strategies. Together, these programs identified approximately 25,700 HCV-infected individuals. In general, higher HCV prevalence was found in programs in countries with intermediate to high HCV prevalence, in psychiatric clinics, and in programs that used a prescreening selection based on HCV risk factors. Only 6 programs used a comparison group for evaluation purposes, and 1 program used theory about effective promotion for screening. Comparison of the programs and their effectiveness was hampered by lack of reported data on program characteristics, clinical follow-up, and type of diagnostic test. Conclusions: A prescreening selection based on risk factors can increase the efficiency of screening in low-prevalence populations, and we need programs with comparison groups to evaluate effectiveness. Also, program characteristics such as type of diagnostic test, screening uptake, and clinical outcomes should be reported systematically.

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Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Prevalence and Treatment Referral Among Asian Americans Undergoing Community-Based Hepatitis Screening

Abstract: Concomitant HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs testing permits diagnosis of chronic, occult HBV infections missed by testing with HBsAg alone. Persons identified with HBV or HCV at community health fairs can be successfully referred.

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among Foreign-Born Asian Americans in the U.S.

Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among Foreign-Born Asian Americans in the U.S.

Sociodemographic Characteristics, Knowledge and Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis Infection Among Vietnamese Americans at Community Screenings

988 Outcomes of Hepatitis C Screening Programs Targeted at Risk Groups Hidden in the General Population: A Systematic Review

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