Hepatitis B and C virus seroprevalence, Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study

Méda, Nicolas; Tuaillon, Édouard; Kania, Dramane; Tiendrebeogo, Adama; Pisoni, Amandine; Zida, Sylvie; Bolloré, Karine; Médah, Isaïe; Laureillard, Didier; Molès, Jean Pierre; Nagot, Nicolas; Nébié, Koumpingnin; Perre, Philippe Van de; Dujols, Pierre

doi:10.2471/blt.18.208603

Cited by 49 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The prevalence of anti-HCV in this study was 5.4% in mothers and 2.1% among children. Meda et al [16], found a similar prevalence 3.6%, Zeba et al [37], 4.4% among blood donors in 2013. This is indicative of a stagnant prevalence of hepatitis C infection in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Burkina Faso is defined as a high transmission zone with HBsAg prevalence between 8.0-20.0%, HBcAb between 70.0-95.0% [22,23]. Past studies have confirmed this assumption with HBsAg prevalence varying between 9.1 and 16.0% among adults with however data collected in the urban zone among specific populations including blood donors, pregnant women, HIV positive person, more likely to be at higher risk than the general population [3,16,24]. In this first study using a random sampling approach to assess all HBV infection seromarkers in rural Burkina Faso, a much lower HBsAg prevalence of 6.3% among adults mothers and 0.8% among children was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Burkina Faso developed a 5-years strategic plan in 2017 to guide efforts based on improving vaccine coverage in infants, supply of effective antiviral drugs, and emphasizing on raising awareness. However, detail epidemiological data to support these efforts is still limited as well as evidence of the impact of current interventions [10,16]. A severe limitation in this respect is the scarcity of reliable prevalence data from population-based studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These variations could be related to the characteristics of the diagnostic tests used and the specific populations screened like blood donors, pregnant women or HIV infected people. A recently published study reported a nationwide prevalence of 7.8 and 3.2% respectively for HBV and HCV among women with data collected since 2010 in HIV negative adult population [16]. To this regard, more recent community-level data is still needed to evaluate the impact of interventions in the rural area and subsequently develop strategies for improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B and C infections in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey

Lingani

Akita

Ouoba³

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background: This study sought to provide up-to-date hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) seroprevalence in rural Burkina Faso decade after hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the national immunization scheduled for children. Methods: In 2018, a community-based, random sampling strategy with probability proportional to population size was conducted in Nanoro to investigate the prevalence of viral hepatitis in children and their mothers. Sociodemographic, vaccination history and risk factors were assessed by interview and health books. HBsAg rapid tests were done by finger prick and Dried Blood Spots (DBS) were collected for hepatitis seromarkers by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay. Positive samples underwent confirmatory PCR and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Data were presented on 240 mother-child pairs. HBsAg Prevalence was 0.8% in children and 6.3% in mothers. Hepatitis B core antibody positivity was 89.2% in mothers, 59.2% in children and was associated with age, sex and scarification. Hepatitis B surface antibodies prevalence was 37.5% in children and 5.8% in mothers. Good vaccination coverage was limited by home delivery. Phylogenetic analysis of HBV strains based on full genome sequences (n = 7) and s-fragment sequences (n = 6) revealed genotype A, E, and recombinant A3/E. Viral genome homology was reported in one mother-child pair. Anti-HCV prevalence was 5.4% in mothers, 2.1% in children and strains belonged to genotype 2. Conclusions: In Nanoro, HBsAg prevalence was low in children, intermediate in mothers and mother-to-child transmission persists. Home delivery was a limiting factor of Hepatitis B vaccination coverage. HBV genotype E was predominant and genotype A3/E is reported for the first time in Burkina Faso.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B and C infections in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey

Lingani

Akita

Ouoba³

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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“…The income disparities and the alcohol availability between the different regions could explain those differences [32]. From a public health perspective this region also have the highest prevalence of Hepatitis B and C [33]. The inhabitants of these regions seem to cumulate the hepatotoxic risk of Hepatitis and alcohol consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption and associated risk factors in Burkina Faso: results of a population-based cross-sectional survey.

Bonnechère¹,

Samadoulougou²,

Cissé³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Lifestyle modifiable risk factors are a leading preventable cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Amongst them, alcohol and tobacco consumption are the most important. Studies characterizing the prevalence of alcohol consumption in low-income countries are lacking. This study describes the prevalence of alcohol use in Burkina Faso and its associated factors separately for urban and rural residents.Methods: Data from the 2013 Burkina Faso World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) were analyzed. The prevalence of alcohol consumption over the last 30 days were recorded and recoded into categories according to WHO recommendations: low alcohol consumption (<40g alcohol/day for men, <20g for women), mid alcohol consumption (between 40 and 59.9g/day for men and between 20 and 39.9g for women) and a heavy consumption (>60g/day for men and 40g for women). Logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with alcohol consumption use. Results: In the whole population 3,559 (75.8% [72.5 – 78.7]) were not consuming any alcohol, 614 (12.9% [10.9 – 15.3]) had a low alcohol consumption, 399 (8.5% [7.1 – 10.1]) a mid alcohol consumption and 120 (2.7% [2.0 – 3.7]) a high consumption. Age was associated with alcohol intake with a gradient effect, older people having a higher risk (AOR = 2.31 [1.68 – 3.17] for the 55 – 64 years old compared to 25 – 34 group). Tobacco consumption was also significantly associated with alcohol intake with a gradient effect, those with higher tobacco consumption being at higher risk of abusive alcohol intake. When analyzing the risk of having abusive consumption in those consuming alcohol, we found a highly significant gender effect, with males having an increased risk (AOR = 2.53 [1.38 – 4.68]).Conclusion: Our data showed an important burden of alcohol consumption in Burkina Faso with a strong relationship with age, gender and tobacco consumption and disparities across the different regions of Burkina Faso. To effectively reduce alcohol consumption in Burkina Faso, a comprehensive control program should consider these associated factors.

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Residual risk of hepatitis B virus transmission through blood donations in Burkina Faso screened with rapid diagnostic tests

Sanou

Nikièma

Zalla³

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent the major transfusion–transmissible pathogens worldwide. The risk of transmission is relatively high in African countries, mainly due to unreliable screening methods of blood donations. In Burkina Faso, predonation screening using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) is widespread, raising the major question of the transfusion safety in the country. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of transmission of HBV, HCV, and HIV through blood transfusion in the context of the use of RDTs for screening of the blood donations. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, a total of 417 serum samples obtained from blood donors tested negative for HBsAg, anti‐HCV, and anti‐HIV using RDTs were retested for the same markers using chemiluminescent immunologic assays. Total antibodies to HBV core (anti‐HBc) were tested on randomly selected samples. HBV‐DNA and HCV‐RNA viral loads (VLs) were quantified on HBsAg and anti‐HCV positive samples, respectively. To assess possible occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), HBV‐DNA‐VL was quantified on 313 randomly selected HBsAg‐negative samples. Results HBsAg and anti‐HCV were found respectively in 6 (6/417; 1.4%) and 11 (11/417; 2.6%) samples. No samples were reactive for anti‐HIV. Total anti‐HBc were detected in 217 out of the 319 randomly selected samples (217/319; 68.02%). HBV‐DNA was detected in four (4/313; 1.27%) samples, including two (2/6; 33.33%) of the six HBsAg positive samples and two (2/313; 0.6%) of the HBsAg‐negative samples, suggesting two cases of occult HBV infection. All anti‐HCV antibody‐positive samples were HCV‐RNA negative. Conclusion This study shows that RDTs are not sufficiently sensitive for the screening of blood donations. Our results highlight the urgent need to think about the extension of sensitive immunological tests in all blood transfusion centers and also the implementation of nucleic acid amplification techniques.

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Hepatitis B and C virus seroprevalence, Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 49 publications

References 29 publications

The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B and C infections in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey

The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B and C infections in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey

Alcohol consumption and associated risk factors in Burkina Faso: results of a population-based cross-sectional survey.

Residual risk of hepatitis B virus transmission through blood donations in Burkina Faso screened with rapid diagnostic tests

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