Hepatitis Associated with a Sarcocystis canis–like Protozoan in a Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi)

Yantis, D.; Moeller, Richard-Tobias; Braun, Robert; Gardiner, C. H.; Aguirre, A. Alonso; Dubey, J. P.

doi:10.1645/ge-3265rn

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Sarcocystis canis infections have been reported in dogs from a variety of states including Illinois, Maryland, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Arkansas 8,9,13,16. S canis infections in other species also have been reported from South Dakota, California, Georgia, Florida, Alaska, and Hawaii 10,11,14,15,17,38. Thus, there does not appear to be a particular geographic distribution for this organism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis in a puppy with eosinophilia and eosinophilic peritoneal effusion

Allison¹,

Williams²,

Lansdowne³

et al. 2006

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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A 3-month-old male Golden Retriever puppy was evaluated for lethargy and fever of 2-days duration. Results of a CBC and biochemical profile revealed marked eosinophilia (6.3 X 10(3)/microL; reference interval 0.1-1.2 X 10(3)/microL), moderate thrombocytopenia, and increased activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine kinase. Hepatomegaly and peritoneal effusion were found using abdominal ultrasound. Peritoneal fluid analysis revealed eosinophilic inflammation (23,000 nucleated cells/microL with 88% eosinophils). Despite supportive treatment the puppy's condition deteriorated rapidly; euthanasia was requested, and a necropsy performed. Microscopically, there was marked necrosuppurative and eosinophilic hepatitis with vasculitis. Numerous hepatocytes contained protozoal organisms suspected to be Toxoplasma gondii or Neospora caninum. However, serum was negative for both T gondii and N caninum antibodies; polymerase chain reaction assay on hepatic tissue was negative for both organisms; and immunohistochemical evaluation of hepatic tissue using serum raised against T gondii, N caninum, and Sarcocystis neurona also was negative. Schizont morphology suggested that merozoites replicated by endopolygeny, forming rosettes around a central residual body. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that merozoites lacked rhoptries. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of Sarcocystis canis, an apicomplexan parasite with an unknown life cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis in a puppy with eosinophilia and eosinophilic peritoneal effusion

Allison¹,

Williams²,

Lansdowne³

et al. 2006

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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show abstract

“…However, the disease occurred 2 yr after the seal was removed from the wild and it is unclear how and when the animal was exposed (Yantis et al 2003). Toxoplasmosis was first identified infecting a wild Hawaiian monk seal carcass examined in 2004 with disseminated disease and intra-and extracellular tachyzoites and tissue cysts in affected organs (Honnold et al 2005).…”

Section: Sarco Cystis · Pinnipedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoal-related mortalities in endangered Hawaiian monk seals Neomonachus schauinslandi

Barbieri

Kashinsky

Rotstein³

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…10 Mature sarcocysts have also been identified in 2 brown bears (Ursus arctos) from Alaska, and the name Sarcocystis arctosi was proposed. 12 Sporadic reports of fatal protozoal hepatitis associated with Sarcocystis canis-like infection have been reported in a variety of animals, including dogs, 1,2,9,13,24 a chinchilla, 21 marine mammals, 20,22,26 a horse, 7 a black bear, 27 and 2 polar bears (Ursus maritimus). 17 Reported herein is a case of fatal protozoal hepatitis in a captive mature black bear associated with a Sarcocystis spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Hepatic Sarcocystosis in a Captive Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) Associated with Sarcocystis Canis-Like Infection

et al. 2011

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Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis was diagnosed in a 13-year-old captive black bear ( Ursus americanus) with a history of acute onset of vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, and bilirubinuria. Gross lesions included severe icterus, multisystemic hemorrhage, and gall bladder edema. The most significant microscopic lesion was severe necrotizing hepatitis with intralesional protozoa that reproduced by endopolygeny consistent with a Sarcocystis spp. Infrequent microglial nodules were randomly scattered within the white matter of the cerebral cortices, thalamus, and brainstem, but intralesional protozoal schizonts were not observed. In the liver, immunohistochemistry was positive for Sarcocystis spp. and negative for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. Positive staining was not observed in the brain. Genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of liver and brain; in both tissues, PCR was positive for Sarcocystis spp. Sequence analysis of the PCR amplicons revealed 100% identity to the published sequences of Sarcocystis canis and Sarcocystis arctosi.

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Hepatitis Associated with a Sarcocystis canis–like Protozoan in a Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi)

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis in a puppy with eosinophilia and eosinophilic peritoneal effusion

Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis in a puppy with eosinophilia and eosinophilic peritoneal effusion

Protozoal-related mortalities in endangered Hawaiian monk seals Neomonachus schauinslandi

Fatal Hepatic Sarcocystosis in a Captive Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) Associated with Sarcocystis Canis-Like Infection

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