Hepatitis a virus and poliovirus 1 inactivation in estuarine water

Patti, Anna Maria; Santi, Annalisa; Gabrieli, R; Fiamma, S.; Cauletti, M.; Panà, Augusto

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(87)90006-6

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The increase in the survival of enteroviruses associated with particulate matter has been observed by others (17,82,83). A 3-log-unit reduction in viable HAV and poliovirus type 1 at 5 days occurred in the water column (using a cell culture assay for a seeded estuarine study) (108). Marine mammal caliciviruses remained viable for over 14 days when the water temperature was 15°C (149).…”

Section: Survival and Transportsupporting

confidence: 52%

Pathogenic Human Viruses in Coastal Waters

et al. 2003

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This review addresses both historical and recent investigations into viral contamination of marine waters. With the relatively recent emergence of molecular biology-based assays, a number of investigations have shown that pathogenic viruses are prevalent in marine waters being impacted by sewage. Research has shown that this group of fecal-oral viral pathogens (enteroviruses, hepatitis A viruses, Norwalk viruses, reoviruses, adenoviruses, rotaviruses, etc.) can cause a broad range of asymptomatic to severe gastrointestinal, respiratory, and eye, nose, ear, and skin infections in people exposed through recreational use of the water. The viruses and the nucleic acid signature survive for an extended period in the marine environment. One of the primary concerns of public health officials is the relationship between the presence of pathogens and the recreational risk to human health in polluted marine environments. While a number of studies have attempted to address this issue, the relationship is still poorly understood. A contributing factor to our lack of progress in the field has been the lack of sensitive methods to detect the broad range of both bacterial and viral pathogens. The application of new and advanced molecular methods will continue to contribute to our current state of knowledge in this emerging and important field

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Section: Survival and Transportsupporting

confidence: 52%

Pathogenic Human Viruses in Coastal Waters

et al. 2003

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“…Salinity and water temperature, as the phage data suggests, may significantly impact viral viability. Research has demonstrated that both hepatitis A viruses and polio virus 1 viruses can survive for a period of time in marine and estuarine environments (a 3-log reduction of seeded viruses over a period of 5 days as determined by cell culture [23]). In contrast to the Sarasota County study (which had lower salinity and water temperatures for both fresh and tidally influenced samples), where a high percentage of the samples positive by RT-PCR were also positive by cell culture, many of the RT-PCR positive results in this study may represent inactivated viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Viral Pathogens by Reverse Transcriptase PCR and of Microbial Indicators by Standard Methods in the Canals of the Florida Keys

Griffin

Gibson

Lipp

et al. 1999

Appl Environ Microbiol

166

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In order to assess the microbial water quality in canal waters throughout the Florida Keys, a survey was conducted to determine the concentration of microbial fecal indicators and the presence of human pathogenic microorganisms. A total of 19 sites, including 17 canal sites and 2 nearshore water sites, were assayed for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, enterococci, coliphages, F-specific (F+) RNA coliphages, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum, and human enteric viruses (polioviruses, coxsackie A and B viruses, echoviruses, hepatitis A viruses, Norwalk viruses, and small round-structured viruses). Numbers of coliforms ranged from <1 to 1,410, E. coli organisms from <1 to 130,Clostridium spp. from <1 to 520, and enterococci from <1 to 800 CFU/100 ml of sample. Two sites were positive for coliphages, but no F+ phages were identified. The sites were ranked according to microbial water quality and compared to various water quality standards and guidelines. Seventy-nine percent of the sites were positive for the presence of enteroviruses by reverse transcriptase PCR (polioviruses, coxsackie A and B viruses, and echoviruses). Sixty-three percent of the sites were positive for the presence of hepatitis A viruses. Ten percent of the sites were positive for the presence of Norwalk viruses. Ninety-five percent of the sites were positive for at least one of the virus groups. These results indicate that the canals and nearshore waters throughout the Florida Keys are being impacted by human fecal material carrying human enteric viruses through current wastewater treatment strategies such as septic tanks. Exposure to canal waters through recreation and work may be contributing to human health risks.

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“…Laboratory studies have demonstrated that turbidity in seawater is responsible for inactivation, removal and reduction of viruses in an aquatic environment (Patti et al 1987;Maier et al 2000;Bongiorni et al 2005). Noble & Fuhrman (1997) demonstrated that infectivity of viruses in coastal water was diminished by the presence of heat labile substances (enzymes) and microorganisms.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Presence Of Hav And Nv In Mrwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in marine recreational waters of Mexico

León‐Félix

Fernandez

Velarde‐Félix

et al. 2009

Journal of Water and Health

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An investigation was conducted to determine hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus (NV) presence in marine recreational waters (MRWs) from two Mexican tourists beaches (Altata and Mazatlan), located at the northwestern state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Also, Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) analyses were conducted between physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity and salinity) and viral organisms (HAV and NV). A total of 32 MRWs samples were collected from April to July of 2006. Samples were processed according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) adsorption-elution method. Overall, 18 MRWs samples (56.3%) were positive for HAV and NV; 4 (22.2%) were obtained from Altata and 14 (77.8%) from Mazatlan. HAV was detected in 3 MRWs samples (9.4%) and NV in 15 samples (46.8%). Phylogenetic analysis showed the presence of genotype I sub genotype B for HAV and NV genogroup II. BLR analysis showed significant correlations between NV and physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity and salinity) (p=0.017, p=0.08, p=0.048, respectively). No significant correlation between physicochemical parameters and HAV was observed. The results indicated that MRW quality of Sinaloa beaches is affected by human faecal pollution. Viral surveillance programs should be implemented to minimize health risks to bathers.

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Hepatitis a virus and poliovirus 1 inactivation in estuarine water

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Pathogenic Human Viruses in Coastal Waters

Pathogenic Human Viruses in Coastal Waters

Detection of Viral Pathogens by Reverse Transcriptase PCR and of Microbial Indicators by Standard Methods in the Canals of the Florida Keys

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in marine recreational waters of Mexico

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