Hepatitis a antibody in israel defence forces recruits

Kark, Jeremy D.; Bar‐Shani, Shulamit

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890060409

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…11,20 The association between SES and anti-HAV status in this context has been documented elsewhere in the world as well as in Chile. 10,18,[20][21][22][23] Although ingestion of shellfish or raw shellfish has been found to be associated with HAV, 2,24,25 our data do not support this association after adjusting for age. However, the results of the adjusted analysis, although not significant, are consistent with such an association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A in Santiago, Chile: risk factors and shift in age of infection among children and young adults.

Fix¹,

Martin²,

Gallicchio³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Transition from high to lower endemicity of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection may portend increased public health burden with the shift of infection to older ages and increasing morbidity and mortality. This report describes age-specific prevalence of antibodies to HAV (anti-HAV) among children and young adults in Santiago, Chile, compared with previous prevalence data and assesses factors predictive for anti-HAV. In 1998, a serosurvey was performed in Metropolitan Santiago, designed to enroll a representative, age-stratified population on the basis of area of residence. A total of 784 individuals (age range, 1-24 years) were enrolled. Anti-HAV prevalence by year of life was as follows: ages 1 to 4, 12.5%; 5 to 9, 26.2%; 10 to 14, 43.4%; 15 to 19, 57.4%; 20 to 24, 73.9%. Adjusting for age, factors associated (inversely) with anti-HAV included residential areas of higher socioeconomic status (SES), parental education, and household characteristics of potable water, municipal sewage system, and the presence of a toilet or refrigerator in the house. In logistic regression analysis, only maternal years of education and residence in areas of higher SES remained independently associated with anti-HAV. Excluding those from higher SES areas, comparison of the agespecific anti-HAV prevalence data from previous studies of similar methodology in areas of lower SES revealed consistent decreases across all age groups; the age-standardized prevalence for this age range (1-24 years) dropped from 53.7% in 1990 to 40.6% in 1998. In light of the growing pool of susceptible individuals at older ages, with HAV continuing to circulate in the communities, evaluation of the feasibility of vaccination programs would be judicious.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A in Santiago, Chile: risk factors and shift in age of infection among children and young adults.

Fix¹,

Martin²,

Gallicchio³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Israel is situated in the Middle Eastern Mediterranean region, a geographical area which is endemic for hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection [Szmuness et al, 1977;Kark and Bar-Shani, 1980;Papaevangelou et al, 1980;Ashraff et al, 1986;Ramia, 1986;Eliakim et al, 1979;Green et al, 1989;Zakaria et al, 19881. However, economic development, improvement of hygienic conditions, and high level of public health services resulted in a decreased incidence of hepatitis A and changes in the seroprevalence of antibodies to HAV at least in the Jewish population [Green et al, 19921.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A virus among new immigrants in Israel

Karetnyi

Mendelson

Shlyakhov

et al. 1995

Journal of Medical Virology

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Israel, located in a region endemic for hepatitis A virus (HAV), recently absorbed a large population of immigrants who came from the former USSR. To assess the risk of high morbidity in this population a serosurvey of HAV antibodies was undertaken. Serum samples were collected from 965 new immigrants, of whom 664 came from the European, non-endemic region, and 301 from the Asian and Caucasian endemic regions of the former Soviet Union. They were compared to 240 Israelis. Each population was divided into six age groups: 1-9, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50 years of age and older. The Asian/Caucasian immigrants and the Israeli population were found to share similar characteristics. In both groups, antibodies to HAV (anti-HAV) were present in the 1-9-year-old age group and reached maximum prevalence (90% and 86.7%, respectively) in the 20-29-year-old age group. In contrast, among the European immigrants anti-HAV was first found in the 10-19-year-olds and peaked (93%) in the age group of 50 years and older. It is concluded that immigrants originating from the European part of the former USSR may require vaccination against hepatitis A.

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“…Our findings of a high prevalence of antibodies to HAV (58%) in lubbutz residents (18-34 years old), and the low prevalence of antibodies to HAV (14%) among volunteers, correspond to the data reported by Zuckerman and Howard [ 19791 and Zuckerman [ 19801. It was previously found that male kibbutz residents aged 18-25 years are often exposed to HAV infection during military service [Bar-Shani et al, 1977;Kark and Bar-Shani, 1980;Morag et al, 1984a;Fattal, 19831. Male residents showed higher, but not significantly higher, prevalence to HAV as compared with female residents in the 18-34-year-old age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, in addition to transmission by the fecal-oral route, airborne droplets, produced by coughing or sneezing, can also serve as a source of contamination by COX and ECHO [Melnick, 1976. The human enteroviruses COX, ECHO, and HAV have repeatedly been reported as common causes of infection in human populations [Cherry, 19811. While most enteroviral infections produce few or no clinical symptoms, the viruses may be present in the feces of sick or asymptomatic individuals for weeks or even months [Grist et al, 1975[Grist et al, , 1978Krugman and Gocke, 1978;Gust, 1981;Melnick, 1982bl. Our findings of a high prevalence of antibodies to HAV (58%) in lubbutz residents (18-34 years old), and the low prevalence of antibodies to HAV (14%) among volunteers, correspond to the data reported by Zuckerman and Howard [ 19791 and Zuckerman [ 19801. It was previously found that male kibbutz residents aged 18-25 years are often exposed to HAV infection during military service [Bar-Shani et al, 1977;Kark and Bar-Shani, 1980;Morag et al, 1984a;Fattal, 19831. Male residents showed higher, but not significantly higher, prevalence to HAV as compared with female residents in the 18-34-year-old age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Antibodies to Enteroviruses and Varicella‐Zoster Virus Among Residents and Overseas Volunteers at Agricultural Settlements in Israel

Margalith

Fattal

Shuval

et al. 1986

Journal of Medical Virology

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Within the framework of a comprehensive study of the correlation between enteric diseases and wastewater utilization in agricultural settlements (kibbutzim) the prevalence of several viral antibodies was examined among kibbutz residents and overseas volunteers. The latter were assumed to be a group highly susceptible to local pathogens. For the purpose of this study the presence of antibodies against eight enteroviruses [Coxsackieviruses (COX) types A9, B1, B3, and B4, echoviruses (ECHO) types 4, 7, and 9, and hepatitis A virus (HAV)] and a nonenterovirus, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), was tested in their sera. The prevalence of these viral antibodies among 342 volunteers (aged 18 to 34 years) upon their arrival at the kibbutzim was compared with that of 176 kibbutz residents of the same age. Seroconversion (ie, acquisition of viral antibodies) was tested in 115 of the volunteers two months after their arrival at the kibbutz. The prevalence of antibodies against each of the eight enteroviruses studied was found to be significantly higher among the kibbutz residents, but the prevalence of antibodies to VZV was similarly high in both groups (52% for volunteers and 59% for kibbutz residents). The mean antibody prevalence for the seven COX and ECHO viruses was 2.1 antibodies/person in the volunteer group v 4.7 antibodies/person among the kibbutz residents. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of the residents had antibodies to HAV as compared with 14% of the volunteers. No correlation was found between seropositivity (ie, previous exposure) to various enteroviruses and the immune status to HAV or VZV in both kibbutz residents and volunteers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Hepatitis a antibody in israel defence forces recruits

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A in Santiago, Chile: risk factors and shift in age of infection among children and young adults.

Age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A in Santiago, Chile: risk factors and shift in age of infection among children and young adults.

Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A virus among new immigrants in Israel

Prevalence of Antibodies to Enteroviruses and Varicella‐Zoster Virus Among Residents and Overseas Volunteers at Agricultural Settlements in Israel

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