Hépatite E

Izopet, Jacques; Kamar, Nassim

doi:10.1051/medsci/200824121023

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In developing countries, HEV transmitted through fecal-oral route, mainly by consumption of water contaminated by sewerage disposal. In these areas, genotype 1 and 2 are responsible for outbreak in humans [56, 57]. Where as in developed countries, HEV is responsible for sporadic cases due to genotype 3 and 4 that also infect other animals, zoonotic transmission and food- borne transmission [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus infection among pregnant women in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background There have been a number of studies about seroprevalence of HEV among pregnant women in Africa. However, the finding of seroprevalence of HEV infection among pregnant women is variable and inconsistent. Therefore; this systematic review intended to provide the pooled seroprevalence of HEV among pregnant women in Africa. Methods We searched, Pub Med, Science direct, African online journals and Google scholar electronic data bases and all available references until August 30, 2018. We included cross sectional studies and cohort studies. The search was further limited studies done in African pregnant women. Statistical analysis done by using Stata (version 11) software. The overall pooled prevalence of HEV presented by using the forest plot with 95% CI. The methodological qualities of included studies were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instruments. Result The pooled seroprevalence of HEV among pregnant women in Africa was 29.13% (95% CI 14.63–43.63). The highest seroprevalence was 84.3% in Egypt and the lowest 6.6% reported in Gabon. There was highest heterogeneity level where I 2 = 99.7%; P < 0.0001.The observed heterogeneity attributed to geographic location/ region, country, assay method used in each study and year of study published. Moreover, HEV seroprevalence varies between countries and within countries. The HEV infection among African pregnant women seems to have a decreasing trend over time. Conclusion The seroprevalence of HEV among pregnant women in Africa is high. The seroprevalence of HEV among pregnant women differ with geographic location and assay method. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct further research on commercial ELISA kit sensitivity and specificity, molecular tests, incidence, morbidity and mortality and vertical transmission of HEV from mother to infant in Africa. Trial registration CRD42018084963 . Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-4125-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus infection among pregnant women in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…Several studies show that HEV can be transmitted vertically to the newborn from positive mothers with high maternal and fetal mortality ( 72 , 78 ). Studies from literature show that especially in India, in certain geographical areas, in pregnant women, acute infection is associated with an increased risk of liver failure, and the mortality rate was up to 25% ( 72 ).…”

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Paradigm of Hepatitis E Virus Among Pediatric and Adult Patients

et al. 2021

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a polymorphic condition, present throughout the world and involving children and adults. Multiple studies over the last decade have contributed to a better understanding of the natural evolution of this infection in various population groups, several reservoirs and transmission routes being identified. To date, acute or chronic HEV-induced hepatitis has in some cases remained underdiagnosed due to the lower accuracy of serological tests and due to the evolutionary possibility with extrahepatic manifestations. Implementation of diagnostic tests based on nucleic acid analysis has increased the detection rate of this disease. The epidemiological and clinical features of HEV hepatitis differ depending on the geographical areas studied. HEV infection is usually a self-limiting condition in immunocompetent patients, but in certain categories of vulnerable patients it can induce a sudden evolution toward acute liver failure (pregnant women) or chronicity (immunosuppressed patients, post-transplant, hematological, or malignant diseases). In acute HEV infections in most cases supportive treatment is sufficient. In patients who develop chronic hepatitis with HEV, dose reduction of immunosuppressive medication should be the first therapeutic step, especially in patients with transplant. In case of unfavorable response, the initiation of antiviral therapy is recommended. In this review, the authors summarized the essential published data related to the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic aspects of HEV infection in adult and pediatric patients.

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“…More recently, chronic hepatitis E and persistent HEV infection have become a significant clinical problem in immunosuppressed individuals such as solid organ transplant recipients and patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, lymphoma, and leukemia 23-28 . For example, in a cohort of 854 French solid organ transplant patients there was an HEV incidence rate of ~4% or 33 patients.…”

Section: Hepatitis E and Its Causative Agent Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic targets for the treatment of hepatitis E virus infection

Kenney

Meng

2015

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Introduction Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the most common causes of acute viral hepatitis in the world with an estimated 20 million infections per year. Although the mortality rate is less than 1% among the general population, pregnant women can have a fatality rate of up to 30%. Additionally, chronic hepatitis E has increasingly become a significant clinical problem in immunocompromised individuals. Effective antivirals against HEV are needed. Areas covered This review article addresses the current state of knowledge of HEV infections with regard to animal and cell culture model systems that are important for antiviral discovery and testing, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of virus replication, our understanding of how each viral protein functions, and areas that can potentially be exploited as therapeutic targets. Expert opinion Lack of an efficient cell culture system for HEV propagation, the limited knowledge of HEV lifecycle, and the inherent self-limiting infection within the normal populace make the development of new therapeutic agents against HEV challenging. There are many promising therapeutic targets, and the tools for identifying and testing potential antivirals are rapidly evolving. The development of effective therapeutics against HEV in immunocompromised and pregnant patient populations is warranted.

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Hépatite E

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Hepatitis E virus infection among pregnant women in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatitis E virus infection among pregnant women in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Current Paradigm of Hepatitis E Virus Among Pediatric and Adult Patients

Therapeutic targets for the treatment of hepatitis E virus infection

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