Hepatic visceral larva migrans

Rohilla, Seema; Jain, Neetu; Yadav, Rohtas K; Dhaulakhandi, Dhara B.

doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-009288

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Despite its small size, the PM seems to be clinically significant in some medical issues (Freeman et al 2008 ; van Sterkenburg et al 2011a , b ; Alfredson 2011 ; Rohilla et al 2013 ; Spang et al 2013 ; Alfredson and Spang 2017 ; Olewnik et al 2018b ; Vlaic et al 2019 ). As it has little importance in lower limb movements and possesses a long, thin tendon, it is considered appropriate grafting material for reconstructions of other anatomical structures, such as the anterior talofibular ligament, the calcaneofibular ligament and some of the muscle tendons of the upper limb (Simpson et al 1991 ; Pagenstert et al 2005 ; Kotian et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A highly complex variant of the plantaris tendon insertion and its potential clinical relevance

et al. 2020

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The body is home to a number of unique and intriguing anatomical structures, plenty of which concern the muscles and their tendons. Of these, the plantaris muscle is reported to present a particularly high range of morphological variations. The muscle, passing distally throughout the length of the lower leg, consists of a small muscle belly and a long, thin tendon. It originates, traditionally, on the popliteal surface of the femur and the knee joint capsule, and then inserts to the calcaneal tuberosity. It has been suggested that mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy may be caused by certain plantaris tendon morphologies. This case report describes a new anomalous plantaris tendon insertion, closely related to the Achilles tendon. It comprise four distinct insertions and one direct merge with the calcaneal tendon. The current classification should be extended to accommodate such 'rare cases' to facilitate more successful Achilles tendinopathy treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type of the tendon examined in our present case may serve as a source of confusion during harvesting procedures because of its complexity. Furthermore, rupture of the PM can imitate deep vein thrombosis, and the two conditions require differentiation by ultrasound examination (Rohilla et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A highly complex variant of the plantaris tendon insertion and its potential clinical relevance

et al. 2020

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VLM lesions appeared on the ultrasound (US) scan as multiple ill-defined, non-spherical hypoechoic lesions [ 89 ]. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the liver revealed VLM as fluid-attenuating conglomerate lesions [ 89 , 90 ]. On MRI scan hepatic lesions caused by Toxocara L3 larvae migration appeared hypointense on T1-weighted (T1W) images and hyperintense on T2-weighted (T2W) images [ 89 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the liver revealed VLM as fluid-attenuating conglomerate lesions [ 89 , 90 ]. On MRI scan hepatic lesions caused by Toxocara L3 larvae migration appeared hypointense on T1-weighted (T1W) images and hyperintense on T2-weighted (T2W) images [ 89 ]. VLM lesions exhibited reduced signal intensity on superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced T2-weighted MRI images [ 91 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxocariasis: a silent threat with a progressive public health impact

et al. 2018

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BackgroundToxocariasis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis that afflicts millions of the pediatric and adolescent populations worldwide, especially in impoverished communities. This disease is caused by infection with the larvae of Toxocara canis and T. cati, the most ubiquitous intestinal nematode parasite in dogs and cats, respectively. In this article, recent advances in the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and pharmacotherapies that have been used in the treatment of toxocariasis are reviewed.Main textOver the past two decades, we have come far in our understanding of the biology and epidemiology of toxocariasis. However, lack of laboratory infrastructure in some countries, lack of uniform case definitions and limited surveillance infrastructure are some of the challenges that hindered the estimation of global disease burden. Toxocariasis encompasses four clinical forms: visceral, ocular, covert and neural. Incorrect or misdiagnosis of any of these disabling conditions can result in severe health consequences and considerable medical care spending. Fortunately, multiple diagnostic modalities are available, which if effectively used together with the administration of appropriate pharmacologic therapies, can minimize any unnecessary patient morbidity.ConclusionsAlthough progress has been made in the management of toxocariasis patients, there remains much work to be done. Implementation of new technologies and better understanding of the pathogenesis of toxocariasis can identify new diagnostic biomarkers, which may help in increasing diagnostic accuracy. Also, further clinical research breakthroughs are needed to develop better ways to effectively control and prevent this serious disease.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0437-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Is the plantaris muscle the most undefined human skeletal muscle?

et al. 2020

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The plantaris muscle is located in the posterior aspect of the superficial compartment of the lower leg, running from the lateral condyle of the femur to the calcaneal tuberosity. Classically, it is characterized by a small and fusiform muscle belly, which then changes into a long slender tendon. From the evolutionary point of view, the muscle is considered vestigial. However, it has recently been suspected of being a highly specialized sensory muscle because of its high density of muscle spindles. It has a noticeable tendency to vary in respect of both origin and insertion. Researchers have published many reports on the potential clinical significance of the muscle belly and tendon, including mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy, ‘tennis leg syndrome’, and popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. The right knee joint area was subjected to classical anatomical dissection, during which an atypical plantaris muscle was found and examined in detail. Accurate morphometric measurements were made. The muscle belly was assessed as bifurcated. Morphologically, superior and inferior parts were presented. There was a tendinous connection (named band A) with the iliotibial tract and an additional insertion (named band B) to the semimembranosus tendon. Both bands A and B presented very broad fan-shaped attachments. The human plantaris muscle is of considerable interest and has frequent morphological variations in its proximal part. Its specific characteristics can cause clinical problems and lead to confusion in diagnosis. More studies are needed to define its actual features and functions.

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Hepatic visceral larva migrans

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

A highly complex variant of the plantaris tendon insertion and its potential clinical relevance

A highly complex variant of the plantaris tendon insertion and its potential clinical relevance

Toxocariasis: a silent threat with a progressive public health impact

Is the plantaris muscle the most undefined human skeletal muscle?

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