Hepatic Vascular Response to Endotoxin

Filkins, James P.

doi:10.3181/00379727-131-34077

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The liver of infected mice showed focal parenchymal necrosis and swelling of Kupffer cells, both of which can be caused by bacterial endotoxin (Levy and Ruebner, 1967). Filkins (1969) suggested that long and severe endotoxaemia impairs liver function by damaging the vasculature. However, parenchymal damage may also be caused by tissue anoxia resulting from vasoconstriction or by extracellular bacterial toxin.…”

Section: Pre-infection Values For Post-infection Values Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.)

Brenden

Huizinga

1986

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Section: Pre-infection Values For Post-infection Values Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.)

Brenden

Huizinga

1986

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…The liver of infected mice showed focal parenchymal necrosis and swelling of Kupffer cells, both of which may be caused by bacterial endotoxin (Levy and Ruebner, 1967). Filkins (1969) suggested that long and severe endotoxaemia impairs liver function by damaging the vasculature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Pathogenic Bacteria <i>(Aeromonas Hydrophilia)</i> Induced Histopathological Attributes in the Spleen and Lymph-Nodes of Swiss Albino Mice

Santra²

2012

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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The effect of fish pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophilia on the spleen and lymph-nodes of male Swiss albino mice has been investigated and examined histopathologically. Morphological and histological changes on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 30th day of infection were noticed. Time exposure showed no significant difference in body weight between control and treated mice but the value showed a tendency towards increment. Spleen weight was increased significantly (p < 0.001) at 14th and 21 st days of post treated mice. The treatment groups showed hepatocellular necrosis of spleen and other immuno-responsive tissue like lymph-node of mice also. The damaging nature of the immuno-responsive tissues of mice to the pathogenesis of bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophilia is provoked in the results obtained.

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“…Our experiments do not show if the stimulus in the arterial blood of the donor cat was endotoxin itself, some metabolite of endotoxin or some other substance released by the animal and further studies are necessary to examine these possibilities. Studies on isolated organ preparations have not revealed any direct effects of endotoxin on smooth muscle (Filkins, 1969;Hinshaw, Kuida, Gilbert & Visscher, 1957;Kobold, Lovell, Katz & Thal, 1964;Kutner & Cohen, 1966;Vargas & Beck, 1957;Vick, 1964; unpublished observations) but mesenteric arteriolar smooth muscle has not been examined. We have not so far been able to produce an isolated intestinal preparation which is perfused by an artificial medium and which responds to vasoactive drugs for 2 hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further observations on mesenteric vasoconstriction, survival and the clotting defect after endotoxin administration

Cohen¹,

Greenway²,

Innes³

et al. 1973

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. The initial response after endotoxin administration (3 mg/kg) in cats involved pulmonary vasoconstriction. This was not seen when endotoxin was given by slow infusion and it could be prevented after a bolus injection of endotoxin by pretreatment of the cats with aspirin (10 mg/kg). Intense mesenteric vasoconstriction occurred in all the cats. 2. The mesenteric vasoconstriction was a specific response of the mesenteric blood vessels. At the time the mesenteric bed constricted, the renal bed dilated, the hepatic arterial bed remained unchanged and the smooth muscle of the intestinal wall relaxed. 3. Arterial blood from cats with a fully developed mesenteric vasoconstriction after endotoxin administration was perfused through a normal intestine. No immediate vasoconstriction developed but the perfused intestine constricted slowly over 60 minutes. This suggests that mesenteric constriction was not due to circulating vasoconstrictor factors or the intestinal innervation, but involved a slow local mechanism within the intestine. It could not be prevented or reversed by a variety of pharmacological agents. 4. These observations suggest that endotoxin caused a unique type of mesenteric vasoconstriction in cats by a local mechanism which took up to 60 min to develop, was sufficiently potent to reduce mesenteric flow to <30% control, and was maintained until death of the cats. Blood from these animals did not clot when placed in a glass tube. 5. The mesenteric constriction and the clotting defect could be prevented by repeated administration of aminophylline and dextran solution before and after a bolus intravenous injection of endotoxin. Arterial pressure and mesenteric flow were maintained for at least 10 h in these experiments. Inadequate treatment intensified rather than reduced the intestinal mucosal damage. 6. Cats were treated with aspirin, endotoxin and the optimal regimen for prevention of the mesenteric constriction and allowed to recover from the anaesthetic agent. In this series, 63% survived indefinitely compared to 25% after aspirin and endotoxin treatment and 0% after endotoxin alone. 7. The possible mechanisms of action of aspirin and aminophylline-dextran solution are discussed. Our failure to obtain 100% survival is probably due to pulmonary damage which develops 10-24 h after endotoxin administration. This delayed pulmonary action of endotoxin is not prevented by aspirin M. M. Cohen and others treatment and it seenis unlikely that aspirin will be of any value in the treatment of the pulmonary lesion in man.

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Hepatic Vascular Response to Endotoxin

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Pathophysiology of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.)

Pathophysiology of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.)

Fish Pathogenic Bacteria <i>(Aeromonas Hydrophilia)</i> Induced Histopathological Attributes in the Spleen and Lymph-Nodes of Swiss Albino Mice

Further observations on mesenteric vasoconstriction, survival and the clotting defect after endotoxin administration

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