Hepatic transcriptome analysis reveals altered lipid metabolism and consequent health indices in chicken supplemented with dietary Bifidobacterium bifidum and mannan-oligosaccharides

Abstract

This study investigated the role of dietary prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), and probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum (BFD) in lipid metabolism, deposition, and consequent health indices in broiler chicken. The supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed resulted in downregulation of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, sterolregulatory element binding protein-1, and apolipoprotein B100; and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α AMP-activated protein kinase α-1, and stearoyl CoA (∆9) desaturase-1 hepatic expression in broiler chicken. The birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed depicted lower body fat percentage, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and saturated fatty acid contents, whereas, higher palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and MUFA contents were observed. The ∆9-desaturase indices of chicken meat have shown higher values; and elongase index (only thigh) and thioesterase index have shown lower values in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. The meat health indices such as Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/Saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratio, Mono-saturated fatty acids (MUFA)/SFA ratio, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA)/SFA ratio, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio, saturation index, atherogenic index, thrombogenic index, and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid content were positively improved in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. Similarly, the birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed have shown lower serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels along with higher high density levels and improved serum health indices cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and, atherogenic index of plasma.

Oregano Essential Oils Mediated Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites and Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Barrier Function in Sheep

“…Notably, the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus and Enterococcus were also increased in the OEO group. Some species from Enterococcus such as E. faecium and E. faecalis and Bifidobacterium are known as natural probiotics on account of their multiple health-promoting effects in animal production (57)(58)(59)(60). It has been reported that omnivorous beetles enriched with Enterococcus bacterium have the ability to more efficiently digest a greater volume of food (61).…”

Purified Plant-Derived Phenolic Acids Inhibit Salmonella Typhimurium without Alteration of Microbiota in a Simulated Chicken Cecum Condition

“…This bacterium genus has been discovered recently, but recent data suggest that it is commonly found within the cecum of chickens and has been found to show performance-and growthpromoting activity associated with broiler chickens [46,47]. Within the Actinobacteria phylum, there are mostly gram-positive soil bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, a known probiotic bacterium that has been studied and implemented in chicken models, which exhibited an improvement in health parameters as well as demonstrated the potential to reduce the colonization of commonly known gram-negative foodborne pathogenic bacteria [48,49]. The Proteobacteria phylum is most associated with harboring a vast array of common gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, including those belonging to the genus of Salmonella.…”

Manno‐oligosaccharides from Cassia Seed Gum Attenuate Atherosclerosis through Inflammation Modulation and Intestinal Barrier Integrity Improvement in ApoE−/− Mice

“…[ 43 ] In vitro fermentation demonstrated that CMOS promoted the growth of various Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains. [ 25 ] These study showed that MOS promoted the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, leading to a more balanced and diverse gut microbiota. By reducing the relative abundance of pro‐inflammatory microbiota, MOS may help to alleviate inflammation‐related conditions.…”

“…[25,26] MOS and Bifidobacterium bifidum can regulate lipid and cholesterol metabolism to decrease the atherogenic coefficient of broiler chickens. [25] Interestingly, addition of MOS derived from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the diet effectively decreased the onset of AS development via modulating gut microbiota, increasing fecal excretion of bile acid, and decreasing cholesterol concentration in female E3L.CETP mice, while the specific markers of systemic inflammation were not affected. [26] Manno-oligosaccharides from cassia seed gum (CMOS) not only regulate the gut microbiota in vivo and in vitro, but also ameliorate inflammation and maintain intestinal barrier integrity in diabetic rats.…”

“…[20] MOS have been well recognized as prebiotics that can be selectively utilized by beneficial bacteria in the intestine and confer health benefits to the host, such as regulatory effects on insulin and leptin resistance and anti-obesity, hypocholesterolemia, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerotic activities. [18,[21][22][23][24][25][26] MOS exerted notable protective effects against hypercholesterolemia, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque development. [25,26] MOS and Bifidobacterium bifidum can regulate lipid and cholesterol metabolism to decrease the atherogenic coefficient of broiler chickens.…”