Hepatic metabolic effects of Curcuma longa extract supplement in high-fructose and saturated fat fed rats

Abstract

The metabolic effects of an oral supplementation with a Curcuma longa extract, at a dose nutritionally relevant with common human use, on hepatic metabolism in rats fed a high fructose and saturated fatty acid (HFS) diet was evaluated. High-resolution magic-angle spinning NMR and GC/MS in combination with multivariate analysis have been employed to characterize the NMR metabolite profiles and fatty acid composition of liver tissue respectively. The results showed a clear discrimination between HFS groups and controls involving metabolites such as glucose, glycogen, amino acids, acetate, choline, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and β-hydroxybutyrate as well as an increase of MUFAs and a decrease of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs. Although the administration of CL did not counteract deleterious effects of the HFS diet, some metabolites, namely some n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA, and betaine were found to increase significantly in liver samples from rats having received extract of curcuma compared to those fed the HFS diet alone. This result suggests that curcuminoids may affect the transmethylation pathway and/or osmotic regulation. CL extract supplementation in rats appears to increase some of the natural defences preventing the development of fatty liver by acting on the choline metabolism to increase fat export from the liver.

Modulation of hepatic inflammation and energy-sensing pathways in the rat liver by high-fructose diet and chronic stress

“…Namely, hepatic fatty acid profile was characterized by a higher proportion of MUFA, lower proportion of PUFA and increased oleic/stearic acid ratio (Δ9 desaturase index), regardless of stress. These results are in accordance with other animal studies using high-fructose diet [39][40][41]. In addition, it was previously demonstrated that fructose-induced increase of MUFA and decrease of PUFA in the liver were not accompanied by lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis [39,40], but rather with increased secretion of triglycerides, as observed in the present study.…”

Blueberry Counteracts Prediabetes in a Hypercaloric Diet-Induced Rat Model and Rescues Hepatic Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

“…In addition, 3-hydroxibutyric acid (3-HB), a ketone body that represents the main alternative energy substrate to glucose and is a by-product of hepatic FA oxidation, was recovered in the rats of the HSuHF + BJ group. In agreement with previous studies [121,122], the reduced serum levels of 3-HB in HSuHF rats might suggest impaired FA metabolism and a degree of hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction since ketone bodies are produced from acetyl-Coa via ketogenesis, which mainly occurs in the hepatic mitochondria [8]. The recovery of 3-HB levels and the 3-HB/acetoacetate ratio in the rats of the HSuHF group when supplemented with BJ suggests an improvement in FA oxidation and mitochondrial function.…”

Tissue metabolomics study to reveal the toxicity of a traditional Tibetan medicine ‘Renqing Changjue’ in rats

“…Betaine is an organic osmolyte in biological systems, which plays a key role in one of the methionine recycling pathways in the liver 22 and protects the body against osmotic stress. 20 Oxidation of choline to betaine occurs mainly in the mitochondria of liver cells via a series of enzymes.…”