Hepatic lipid accumulation is ameliorated in obese KK mice by dietary sei whale oil

Abstract

group. The number of lipid droplets in liver specimens was also lower in the WO and FO groups, and the hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were decreased in these groups compared with the LSO group. Hepatic mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, which are fatty acid synthesis-related genes, were decreased in the WO and FO groups. No significant differences were observed between the WO and FO groups. Taken together, these results indicate that WO intake inhibits lipid accumulation in the liver by reducing fatty acid biosynthesis.Keywords Whale oil · n-3 PUFA · Lipid metabolism · Hepatic lipids AbbreviationsACC Acyl-coA carboxylase AOX Acyl-CoA oxidase CPT Carnitine palmitoyltransferase CT Computed tomography CYP7A1 Cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase DHA Docosahexaenoic acid DPA Docosapentaenoic acid d-ROM Diacron of reactive oxygen metabolites ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay EPA Icosapentaenoic acid FAS Fatty acid synthase FO Fish oil GK Glucokinase HE Hematoxylin-eosin HDL High-density lipoprotein HMG-CoA 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A LSO Lard/safflower oil MCAD Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NASH Nonalcoholic steatohepatitisAbstract Whale oil (WO) contains n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), but the effects of whale oil intake on lipid metabolism have remained unclear. We examined the influence of WO on lipid metabolism in obese KK mice. Male KK mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce obesity. The mice were then given free access to a different diet for 10 weeks: the lard/safflower oil (LSO) diet consisted of 25 energy% (en%) LSO (6:4), the WO diet consisted of 25 en% WO, and the fish oil (FO) diet consisted of 11 en% FO plus 14 en% LSO. The n-3 PUFA content of the FO diet was the same as that in the WO diet. In the WO and FO groups, the total plasma cholesterol level was significantly decreased compared with that in the LSO