Hepatic hydrothorax in the absence of ascites in a child with autoimmune hepatitis: Successful management with octreotide and pleurodesis

Sira, MM; Am, Sıra; Bel-S, Behairy; Rm, Bakır; Ma, El-Hagaly

doi:10.4318/tjg.2013.0601

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Hepatic hydrothorax is a known complication of liver cirrhosis and is a manifestation of in ACLF in adults, but is rare in pediatric patients (27,28). Hepatic hydrothorax occurs in the absence of cardiopulmonary disease and is typically associated with significant ascites in CLD.…”

Section: Respiratorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple organ involvement and ICU considerations for the care of acute liver failure (ALF) and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) in children

et al. 2021

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Liver disease results in approximately 15,000 pediatric hospitalizations per year in the United States and is a significant burden to child health. Major etiologies of liver failure and indications for transplantation in children include: biliary atresia, metabolic/genetic conditions, toxins, infections, tumors, and immune-mediated liver/biliary injury. Children requiring transplantation are placed on the United Network of Organ Sharing waitlist including those with acute liver failure (ALF) and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF). ALF is a clinical syndrome in which a previously healthy child develops rapid-onset hepatic dysfunction, and becomes critically ill with multiple organ dysfunction within days. ACLF, by contrast, is generally described as an acute decompensation of pre-existing chronic liver disease (CLD) brought on by a precipitating event, with higher risk of mortality. Children with ALF and ACLF receive multidisciplinary care in pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) due to multiple organ system involvement and high risk of decompensation in these patients. The care of these patients requires a holistic approach that addresses the complex interplay between hepatic and extra-hepatic organ systems. This review will define and describe ALF and ACLF in the pediatric population, and outline the effects of ALF and ACLF on individual organ systems with diagnostic and management considerations in the ICU while awaiting liver transplantation.

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Section: Respiratorymentioning

confidence: 99%