Hepatic gluconeogenic capacity from various precursors in young versus old rats

Sumida, Ken D.; Crandall, Suzanne C.; Chadha, Puja; Qureshi, Tauseef

doi:10.1053/meta.2002.33342

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A gluconeogenic precursor (glycerol, lactate, alanine or glutamine, 5 mM) [25] was added to some of the flasks, while others remained as controls. After incubation, the supernatants were collected to determine the concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ammonia and urea.…”

Section: In Vitro Glucose Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat Hepatocyte Glucose Metabolism Is Affected by Caloric Restriction but not by Litter Size Reduction

Branquinho¹,

Cruz²,

Silvério³

et al. 2017

JPP

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Abstract:This work aimed at investigating whether the liver glucose metabolism could have a role in any change of glucose homeostasis that might exist in the reduced-litter rat at the age of 60 days. Additionally, post-weaning caloric restriction and its hepatic effects were explored, as this intervention is reported as a useful measure against obesity and its related disturbances. The animals were raised in litters of nine (control, CG) or three pups during lactation. These small-litter pups were FG (fed freely) or subjected to 30% RG (caloric restriction) after weaning until 60 days of age. The increased adiposity induced by lactational overfeeding was not reversed by caloric restriction. Hepatocyte glucose metabolism and glucose tolerance test were not affected by litter size, but caloric restriction increased liver basal glucose release, diminished gluconeogenesis and retarded the glycemic decay during the insulin tolerance test. Liver glucose metabolism of young adult rats was not affected by lactational overfeeding. Up to this age, however, moderate caloric restriction had a potent influence that might compromise whole-body glucose homeostasis and prompt to insulin resistance.

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Section: In Vitro Glucose Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat Hepatocyte Glucose Metabolism Is Affected by Caloric Restriction but not by Litter Size Reduction

Branquinho¹,

Cruz²,

Silvério³

et al. 2017

JPP

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“…Classicamente tem sido descrito as alterações quimio-metabólicas e funcionais que acompanham o envelhecimento 20 . No que se refere à funcionalidade e eficiência dos sistemas metabólicos, tem sido descrito que o músculo esquelético envelhecido apresenta modificações na sensibilidade a hormônios, redução na capacidade de metabolizar glicose, alterações nas vias pós-receptor da insulina, representadas pela redução na eficiência do triunvirato: captar glicose, metabolizar, reservar, bem como diminuir a capacidade de mobilizar suas reservas energéticas, em especial as reservas de glicogênio 21,22 . Recentemente, Qiao et al 23 reiteraram que ainda não há consenso sobre o exato mecanismo ligado as ações do cromo no organismo; no entanto, alguns passos de sua sinalização já foram descritos, merecendo destacar a habilidade de modular a atividade da enzima glicogênio sintetase que regula a síntese de glicogênio, bem como o mineral interage com a enzima UCP3, estimulando a captação de glicose via translocação do GLUT 4 na célula muscular esquelética por ativação da via PI3K citosólica 24 .…”

Section: Conclusãounclassified

Comparação das reservas glicogênicas em ratos jovens e envelhecidos tratados com picolinato de cromo

Rodrigues

Borin

Paulino

et al. 2014

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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RESUMOIntrodução: Entre os suplementos utilizados no meio esportivo, o mineral cromo tem se destacado, principalmente por potencializar a ação da via insulínica, ação extremamente importante na manutenção da homeostasia metabólica. A ação do cromo parece ter ação importante como coadjuvante nas dinâmicas da ação insulínica. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil glicogênico, bem como a sensibilidade tecidual à insulina e a pancreática à glicose em ratos jovens e envelhecidos tratados com picolinato de cromo. Método: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar, com idade de 3 e 24 meses, distribuídos em quatro grupos experimentais (n = 6), assim denominados: jovens (J), jovens suplementados com picolinato de cromo (JP, 80 µg/Kg), envelhecidos (E) e envelhecidos suplementados com picolinato de cromo (EP, 80 µg/Kg). A sensibilidade à insulina foi avaliada através do teste de tolerância à insulina (ITT, 2 U/Kg) e a sensibilidade pancreática, através do teste de tolerância à glicose (GTT, 2 g/Kg). Na análise estatística foi utilizado teste de normalidade de dados de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, seguido de ANOVA e o teste post-hoc de Tukey, p < 0,05. Resultados: O grupo envelhecido apresentou menores reservas glicogênicas se comparado ao grupo jovem; por sua vez, o tratamento com picolinato promoveu elevação das reservas hepáticas de ratos jovens sem efeito nos envelhecidos. No mesmo perfil de análise, foi demonstrado que o tratamento com picolinato promoveu elevação das reservas glicogênicas musculares, efeito observado tanto nos jovens quanto nos envelhecidos. No grupo jovem, não foi observada diferença no ITT, porém houve redução da área sob a curva descrita no GTT. No grupo envelhecido, houve elevação da responsividade à insulina no ITT e redução da área sob a curva. Conclusão: O picolinato expressou ação de secretagogo e sensibilizador da ação insulínica, com expressão mais significativa nos músculos envelhecidos.Palavras-chave: metabolismo, envelhecimento, glicogênio. ABSTRACT Introduction: Among the supplements used in sports, the mineral chromium has stood out particularly by enhancing the action of insulin route, action extremely important in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The chromium action seems to have significant action as an adjunct in the dynamics of insulin action. Objective: To evaluate the glycogen profile and the tissue sensitivity to insulin and pancreatic glucose sensitivity in young and aged rats treated with chromium picolinate. Methods: Wistar rats were used, aged 3 and 24 months, divided into four experimental groups (n = 6), so named: young (Y), young supplemented with chromium picolinate (YP, 80 µg/kg), aged (A) and aged supplemented with chromium picolinate (AP, 80 µg/kg). The insulin sensitivity was assessed by the insulin tolerance test (ITT, 2U/Kg) and pancreatic sensitivity was assessed by the glucose tolerance test (GTT, 2 g/Kg

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“…Normal hepatocytes express galactokinase and ornithine carbamoyltransferase (16,17). Normal hepatocytes are expected to survive in a medium lacking glucose and arginine but supplemented with galactose and ornithine (18,19). In our previous study, a hepatocyte selection medium (HSM) was developed, which lacks glucose and arginine but contains galactose and ornithine (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation of sphere-forming hepatocellular carcinoma cells is suppressed in a medium without glucose and arginine, but with galactose and ornithine

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells exhibiting stemness was evaluated using a sphere formation assay. A hepatocyte selection medium (HSM) deficient in glucose and arginine was used to suppress the proliferation of cell spheres composed of HLF and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells, which were subjected to a sphere formation assay. Cell spheres were cultured with sorafenib and subjected to a cell proliferation assay and the expression levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) were analyzed in RNA extracted from sphere-forming cells using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Sphere-forming PLC/PRF/5 cells were more resistant to sorafenib, as compared with control cells, exhibiting higher expression levels of CYP3A4. When cultured in HSM, suppressed proliferation was observed in the sphere-forming PLC/PRF/5 cells and in the control cells, with no significant variation between them. The results suggest that deprivation of glucose and arginine is a potential novel treatment for HCC.

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Hepatic gluconeogenic capacity from various precursors in young versus old rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Rat Hepatocyte Glucose Metabolism Is Affected by Caloric Restriction but not by Litter Size Reduction

Rat Hepatocyte Glucose Metabolism Is Affected by Caloric Restriction but not by Litter Size Reduction

Comparação das reservas glicogênicas em ratos jovens e envelhecidos tratados com picolinato de cromo

Proliferation of sphere-forming hepatocellular carcinoma cells is suppressed in a medium without glucose and arginine, but with galactose and ornithine

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