Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dysfunction

Silver, David L.

doi:10.1002/9780470747919.ch18

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 116 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The droplets emitting bright-yellow fluorescence are ascribed to intracellular triacylglycerols (TAGs) depots and/or to lipoproteins [ 31 , 32 ]. Lipid droplets (LDs), now considered as true organelles, are composed of a core of TAGs and other neutral lipids and surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In normal conditions, antioxidant systems control and inactivate ROS produced by mitochondria, with residual species serving signaling purposes [ 31 , 58 ]. When in excess, ROS may react (a) with polyunsaturated fatty acid chains of phospholipids in mitochondria, in particular with those of cardiolipin in the inner membrane, fundamental for the functioning of the electron transfer chain [ 50 , 59 ]; (b) with antioxidant enzymes (in particular with Mn-dependent SOD), reducing their activity; (c) with components of the electron transfer chain, increasing ROS production (“ROS-induced ROS release”) [ 59 ]; and (d) with mtDNA, inducing point mutation, DNA breaks, and decreased mtDNA content [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In Situ Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Rat Fatty Liver Induced by a Methionine‐ and Choline‐Deficient Diet

Freitas

Boncompagni

Tarantola

et al. 2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious health problem in developed countries. We documented the effects of feeding with a NAFLD-inducing, methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet, for 1–4 weeks on rat liver oxidative stress, with respect to a control diet. Glycogen, neutral lipids, ROS, peroxidated proteins, and SOD2 were investigated using histochemical procedures; ATP, GSH, and TBARS concentrations were investigated by biochemical dosages, and SOD2 expression was investigated by Western Blotting. In the 4-week-diet period, glycogen stores decreased whereas lipid droplets, ROS, and peroxidated proteins expression (especially around lipid droplets of hepatocytes) increased. SOD2 immunostaining decreased in poorly steatotic hepatocytes but increased in the thin cytoplasm of macrosteatotic cells; a trend towards a quantitative decrease of SOD expression in homogenates occurred after 3 weeks. ATP and GSH values were significantly lower for rats fed with the MCD diet with respect to the controls. An increase of TBARS in the last period of the diet is in keeping with the high ROS production and low antioxidant defense; these TBARS may promote protein peroxidation around lipid droplets. Since these proteins play key roles in lipid mobilization, storage, and metabolism, this last information appears significant, as it points towards a previously misconsidered target of NAFLD-associated oxidative stress that might be responsible for lipid dysfunction.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Rat Fatty Liver Induced by a Methionine‐ and Choline‐Deficient Diet

Freitas

Boncompagni

Tarantola

et al. 2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The liver presents two specific peculiarities in that it (a) maintains the homeostasis of all of the most important metabolic pathways (as regards lipids, carbohydrates and proteins) in the body 23242526 and (b) will reconstitute the original hepatic mass after injuries or partial removal of its parenchymal tissue. The two properties are interrelated, and any anomalies in metabolic homeostasis are reflected in altered liver-regeneration patterns.…”

Section: Liver Regeneration In Experimental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The liver has an essential role in controlling lipid metabolism in the whole body. Cholesterol and fatty acids can be also synthesized and regulated in the liver, which coordinates the assembly of lipoproteins, mainly LDL (low density lipoprotein) and VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) 232465. Under normal conditions, an overall balance between input and output of lipids in liver is maintained.…”

Section: Lipid Metabolism In Liver and Er Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foie gras and liver regeneration: a fat dilemma

Fazia

Servillo

2018

CST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The liver has a unique ability of regenerating after injuries or partial loss of its mass. The mechanisms responsible for liver regeneration - mostly occurring when the hepatic tissue is damaged or functionally compromised by metabolic stress - have been studied in considerable detail over the last few decades, because this phenomenon has both basic-biology and clinical relevance. More specifically, recent interest has been focusing on the widespread occurrence of abnormal nutritional habits in the Western world that result in an increased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is closely associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, and it represents a major clinical challenge. The disease may progress to steatohepatitis with persistent inflammation and progressive liver damage, both of which will compromise regeneration under conditions of partial hepatectomy in surgical oncology or in liver transplantation procedures. Here, we analyze the impact of ER stress and SIRT1 in lipid metabolism and in fatty liver pathology, and their consequences on liver regeneration. Moreover, we discuss the fine interplay between ER stress and SIRT1 functioning when contextualized to liver regeneration. An improved understanding of the cellular and molecular intricacies contributing to liver regeneration could be of great clinical relevance in areas as diverse as obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, as well as oncology and transplantation.

show abstract

Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dysfunction

Cited by 2 publications

References 116 publications

In Situ Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Rat Fatty Liver Induced by a Methionine‐ and Choline‐Deficient Diet

In Situ Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Rat Fatty Liver Induced by a Methionine‐ and Choline‐Deficient Diet

Foie gras and liver regeneration: a fat dilemma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About