Henry's law constant measurements for phenol, o-, m-, and p-cresol as a function of temperature

Abstract

In this work, a dynamic system based on the water/air equilibrium at the interface within the length of a microporous tube was used to experimentally determine the Henry's Law Constants (HLC) of phenol and cresols. The measurements were conducted over the range 278-298 K in both deionized water and 35 g L -1°/°° solution of NaCl. At 293 K and in pure water, HLC were found to be equal to (in units of M atm -1 ): phenol, HLC = (1005  270); ocresol, HLC = (690  95); m-cresol, HLC = (1324  172); p-cresol, HLC = (1742 ± 360). The obtained data were used to derive the following Arrhenius expressions: HLC = (4.1 ± 0.6)  10 -9 exp((7684 ± 874)/T), HLC = (1.5 ± 0.1)  10 -10 exp((8544 ± 512)/T), HLC = (5.5 ± 0.4)  10 -11 exp((9028 ± 508)/T) and HLC = (3.3 ± 0.4)  10 -11 exp((9258 ± 818)/T) for phenol, ocresol, m-cresol and p-cresol, respectively. All of the values for HLC in 35 g L -1 salt solution were 10 to 30% lower than their respective values in deionised water, depending on the compound and the temperature. These data were then used to estimate the fractions of phenol or of cresols in atmospheric aqueous phase. In order to evaluate the impact of a cloud on the atmospheric chemistry of phenol and cresols, we compare also their atmospheric lifetimes under clear sky (τgas), and cloudy conditions (τmultiphase). The calculated multiphase lifetimes (in units of days) are 2 significantly lower than those in gas phase at a cumulus temperature of 283 K (in parentheses): phenol, 0.26 (0.45); o-cresol, 0.17 (0.24); m-cresol, 0.13 (0.22); p-cresol, 0.11 (0.23).

Phenolic Compounds in Particles of Mainstream Waterpipe Smoke

“…It is also noteworthy that though phenols are highly polar and soluble in water (high Henry's constants) (Feigenbrugel, Le Calvé, Mirabel, & Louis, 2004), and susceptible to be trapped in the water bubbler, they are apparently present in high enough quantities that there is still a lot left in the smoke reaching the mouthpiece. Therefore, the reported yields of phenols and their derivatives represent the lower limits of their actual values in the waterpipe smoke.…”

Atomistic calculation of adsorption in activated carbon with pore-size distribution

“…There is a significant uncertainty in the Henry constant value and reported measured values vary between 2 Â 10 À6 and 1:8 Â 10 À7 atm m 3 =mol [30,31]. The chosen values will affect the calculated adsorption isotherm.…”

“…To translate the gas-solid equilibrium to liquid-solid equilibrium we use Henry's law for phenol with [30,31] H ¼ 2:37Â 10 À6 atm m 3 =mol. There is a significant uncertainty in the Henry constant value and reported measured values vary between 2 Â 10 À6 and 1:8 Â 10 À7 atm m 3 =mol [30,31].…”

Standard partial molal properties of aqueous alkylphenols and alkylanilines over a wide range of temperatures and pressures

“…In addition, some more reliable data from thermodynamic sources were ignored. We have extracted the Henry's law constants from the data obtained recently using different vapor-liquid equilibrium techniques for several phenolic compounds (Sheikheldin et al, 2001;Harrison et al, 2002;Feigenbrugel et al, 2004). A considerable amount of k H data was obtained at 298 K only (the references are listed at the bottom of Table 3), particularly for solutes containing NH 2 group (Jayasinghe et al, 1992;Altschuh et al, 1999).…”

“…Thermodynamic data of these aqueous solutes are needed at ambient conditions as well as at elevated temperatures and pressures in order to understand or to design the processes where the phase and chemical equilibria play a significant role (Moore et al, 1995;Dale et al, 1997;Taylor et al, 1997;Sheikheldin et al, 2001;Harrison et al, 2002;Feigenbrugel et al, 2004). These are for example the partitioning of the polar aromatic compounds between the coexisting hydrocarbon-rich phases and deep saline aquifers, the effect of these species to chemical reactions in the brines coming in contact with rocks, their transfer between the aquatic and air compartments as well as remediation processes for removal of the hazardous organic pollutants in soils and underground waters.…”